महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-9, verse-14

विलपन्त्यो रुदन्त्यश्च धावमानास्ततस्ततः ।
शोकेनाभ्याहतज्ञानाः कर्तव्यं न प्रजज्ञिरे ॥१४॥

14. vilapantyo rudantyaśca dhāvamānāstatastataḥ ,
śokenābhyāhatajñānāḥ kartavyaṁ na prajajñire.

14. vilapantyaḥ rudantyaḥ ca dhāvamānāḥ tataḥ tataḥ
śokena abhyāhatajñānāḥ kartavyam na prajajñire

14. vilapantyaḥ ca rudantyaḥ tataḥ tataḥ dhāvamānāḥ
śokena abhyāhatajñānāḥ kartavyam na prajajñire

14. Wailing, crying, and running hither and thither, their minds bewildered by grief, they did not know what their duty (kartavya) was.

Words meanings summery:

• विलपन्त्यः (vilapantyaḥ) - wailing, lamenting (feminine)

• रुदन्त्यः (rudantyaḥ) - crying, weeping (feminine)

• च (ca) - and, also

• धावमानाः (dhāvamānāḥ) - running (feminine)

• ततः (tataḥ) - hither (in "hither and thither") (from there, then, therefore, hither)

• ततः (tataḥ) - thither (in "hither and thither") (from there, then, therefore, thither)

• शोकेन (śokena) - by grief, with sorrow

• अभ्याहतज्ञानाः (abhyāhatajñānāḥ) - whose knowledge/senses were struck down/confused

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - what is to be done, duty

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रजज्ञिरे (prajajñire) - they knew, they perceived

Words meanings and morphology

विलपन्त्यः (vilapantyaḥ) - wailing, lamenting (feminine)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vilapantī

vilapantī - wailing, lamenting

Present Active Participle

feminine nominative plural

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

रुदन्त्यः (rudantyaḥ) - crying, weeping (feminine)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rudantī

rudantī - crying, weeping

Present Active Participle

feminine nominative plural

Root: rud (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

धावमानाः (dhāvamānāḥ) - running (feminine)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dhāvamānā

dhāvamānā - running, flowing

Present Middle Participle

feminine nominative plural

Root: dhāv (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - hither (in "hither and thither") (from there, then, therefore, hither)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - thither (in "hither and thither") (from there, then, therefore, thither)

(indeclinable)

शोकेन (śokena) - by grief, with sorrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - grief, sorrow

अभ्याहतज्ञानाः (abhyāhatajñānāḥ) - whose knowledge/senses were struck down/confused

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of abhyāhatajñāna

abhyāhatajñāna - whose knowledge/senses are struck down/confused

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (abhyāhata+jñāna)

• abhyāhata – struck, smitten, affected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefixes: abhi+ā
  Root: han (class 2)
• jñāna – knowledge, understanding, intellect
  noun (neuter)

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - what is to be done, duty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - what is to be done, duty, obligation

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रजज्ञिरे (prajajñire) - they knew, they perceived

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, Past Perfect (liṭ) of √jñā

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)