महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-2, verse-5

अयुध्यमानो म्रियते युध्यमानश्च जीवति ।
कालं प्राप्य महाराज न कश्चिदतिवर्तते ॥५॥

5. ayudhyamāno mriyate yudhyamānaśca jīvati ,
kālaṁ prāpya mahārāja na kaścidativartate.

5. ayudhyamānaḥ mriyate yudhyamānaḥ ca jīvati
kālam prāpya mahārāja na kaścit ativartate

5. mahārāja ayudhyamānaḥ mriyate ca yudhyamānaḥ
jīvati kālam prāpya kaścit na ativartate

5. One who does not fight perishes, while one who fights lives. O great king, when the appointed time is reached, no one can escape or overcome it.

Words meanings summery:

• अयुध्यमानः (ayudhyamānaḥ) - one not fighting, not battling

• म्रियते (mriyate) - dies, perishes

• युध्यमानः (yudhyamānaḥ) - fighting, one who fights, one who battles

• च (ca) - and, also

• जीवति (jīvati) - lives, survives

• कालम् (kālam) - the appointed or destined time (time, appointed time, destiny)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached the appointed time (having obtained, having reached, having attained)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing the great king (O great king, O mighty ruler)

• न (na) - not, no

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - no one at all (someone, anyone, no one (with `na`))

• अतिवर्तते (ativartate) - overcomes or escapes the destined time (transcends, surpasses, overcomes, escapes)

Words meanings and morphology

अयुध्यमानः (ayudhyamānaḥ) - one not fighting, not battling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ayudhyamāna

ayudhyamāna - not fighting, not battling

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root `yudh` (to fight) with `śānac` suffix. Formed as a nañ-tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+yudhyamāna)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• yudhyamāna – fighting, one who fights
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Middle Participle
  Derived from root `yudh` (to fight) with `śānac` suffix.
  Root: yudh (class 4)

म्रियते (mriyate) - dies, perishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular

From root `mṛ` (to die), ātmanepada, present tense.

Root: mṛ (class 1)

युध्यमानः (yudhyamānaḥ) - fighting, one who fights, one who battles

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhyamāna

yudhyamāna - fighting, one who fights

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root `yudh` (to fight) with `śānac` suffix.

Root: yudh (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

जीवति (jīvati) - lives, survives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular

From root `jīv` (to live), parasmaipada, present tense.

Root: jīv (class 1)

कालम् (kālam) - the appointed or destined time (time, appointed time, destiny)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, destiny, death

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached the appointed time (having obtained, having reached, having attained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root `āp` with prefix `pra` and suffix `lyaP`.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing the great king (O great king, O mighty ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

कश्चित् (kaścit) - no one at all (someone, anyone, no one (with `na`))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - someone, anyone, anything

Indefinite pronoun formed from `ka` (who) and `cit`.

अतिवर्तते (ativartate) - overcomes or escapes the destined time (transcends, surpasses, overcomes, escapes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ativart

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular

From root `vṛt` with prefix `ati`, ātmanepada, present tense.

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)