महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-2, verse-22

शयानं चानुशयति तिष्ठन्तं चानुतिष्ठति ।
अनुधावति धावन्तं कर्म पूर्वकृतं नरम् ॥२२॥

22. śayānaṁ cānuśayati tiṣṭhantaṁ cānutiṣṭhati ,
anudhāvati dhāvantaṁ karma pūrvakṛtaṁ naram.

22. śayānaṃ ca anuśayati tiṣṭhantaṃ ca anutiṣṭhati
anudhāvati dhāvantaṃ karma pūrvakṛtam naram

22. pūrvakṛtam karma naram śayānaṃ ca anuśayati
tiṣṭhantaṃ ca anutiṣṭhati dhāvantaṃ anudhāvati

22. Past actions (karma) follow a person who is lying down, follow a person who is standing, and run after a person who is running.

Words meanings summery:

• शयानं (śayānaṁ) - lying down, resting

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अनुशयति (anuśayati) - follows (while lying down), lies down after

• तिष्ठन्तं (tiṣṭhantaṁ) - standing, remaining, staying

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अनुतिष्ठति (anutiṣṭhati) - follows (while standing), stands after

• अनुधावति (anudhāvati) - runs after, follows

• धावन्तं (dhāvantaṁ) - running, fleeing

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work, ritual

• पूर्वकृतम् (pūrvakṛtam) - previously done, done before

• नरम् (naram) - man, person, human being

Words meanings and morphology

शयानं (śayānaṁ) - lying down, resting

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayat

śayat - lying, resting, sleeping

Present Active Participle

Derived from root śī (to lie down) with present active participle suffix -at.

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'naram'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अनुशयति (anuśayati) - follows (while lying down), lies down after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of anu-śī

Prefix: anu

Root: śī (class 2)

तिष्ठन्तं (tiṣṭhantaṁ) - standing, remaining, staying

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, remaining, existing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with present active participle suffix -at.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'naram'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अनुतिष्ठति (anutiṣṭhati) - follows (while standing), stands after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of anu-sthā

Prefix: anu

Root: sthā (class 1)

अनुधावति (anudhāvati) - runs after, follows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of anu-dhāv

Prefix: anu

Root: dhāv (class 1)

धावन्तं (dhāvantaṁ) - running, fleeing

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhāvat

dhāvat - running, flowing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root dhāv (to run) with present active participle suffix -at.

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'naram'.

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work, ritual

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, fate, ritual, consequence of action

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पूर्वकृतम् (pūrvakṛtam) - previously done, done before

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pūrvakṛta

pūrvakṛta - done before, previously performed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+kṛta)

• pūrva – former, prior, previous, eastern
  adjective (masculine)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with past passive participle suffix -ta.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'karma'.

नरम् (naram) - man, person, human being

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being, hero

Previous Verse Next Verse