महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-2, verse-17

अशोचन्प्रतिकुर्वीत यदि पश्येत्पराक्रमम् ।
भैषज्यमेतद्दुःखस्य यदेतन्नानुचिन्तयेत् ।
चिन्त्यमानं हि न व्येति भूयश्चापि विवर्धते ॥१७॥

17. aśocanpratikurvīta yadi paśyetparākramam ,
bhaiṣajyametadduḥkhasya yadetannānucintayet ,
cintyamānaṁ hi na vyeti bhūyaścāpi vivardhate.

17. aśocan pratikurvīta yadi paśyet
parākramam bhaiṣajyam etat duḥkhasya
yat etat na anucintayet cintyamānam
hi na vyeti bhūyaḥ ca api vivardhate

17. yadi parākramam paśyet aśocan
pratikurvīta etat duḥkhasya bhaiṣajyam
yat etat na anucintayet hi cintyamānam
na vyeti ca api bhūyaḥ vivardhate

17. If one perceives an opportunity for valor or action, one should counteract (the situation) without grieving. The remedy for sorrow is not to dwell on it. For when it is dwelled upon, it certainly does not pass away; instead, it increases even further.

Words meanings summery:

• अशोचन् (aśocan) - not grieving, not lamenting

• प्रतिकुर्वीत (pratikurvīta) - one should counteract, one should respond, one should do in return

• यदि (yadi) - if

• पश्येत् (paśyet) - one should see, one should perceive

• पराक्रमम् (parākramam) - valor, might, effort, exertion, heroic deed

• भैषज्यम् (bhaiṣajyam) - medicine, remedy

• एतत् (etat) - this (remedy) (this, that)

• दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of sorrow, of suffering, of misery

• यत् (yat) - that which, because

• एतत् (etat) - this (sorrow) (this, that)

• न (na) - not

• अनुचिन्तयेत् (anucintayet) - one should dwell upon, one should reflect upon

• चिन्त्यमानम् (cintyamānam) - being thought about, being dwelled upon

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• न (na) - not

• व्येति (vyeti) - passes away, ceases, disappears

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• विवर्धते (vivardhate) - increases, grows

Words meanings and morphology

अशोचन् (aśocan) - not grieving, not lamenting

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśocat

aśocat - not grieving, not lamenting

Present Active Participle

Formed from the root śuc (to grieve) with the negative prefix a- and the present active participle suffix.

Prefix: a

Root: śuc (class 1)

प्रतिकुर्वीत (pratikurvīta) - one should counteract, one should respond, one should do in return

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of pratikṛ

Optative, Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular

From the root kṛ (to do) with the prefix prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

पश्येत् (paśyet) - one should see, one should perceive

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dṛś

Optative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Uses the suppletive present stem paśya- from the root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पराक्रमम् (parākramam) - valor, might, effort, exertion, heroic deed

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parākrama

parākrama - valor, might, effort, exertion, heroic deed

Derived from the root kram (to step) with the prefix parā.

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

भैषज्यम् (bhaiṣajyam) - medicine, remedy

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaiṣajya

bhaiṣajya - medicine, remedy, healing

Derived from bhiṣaj (physician).

एतत् (etat) - this (remedy) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the remedy.

दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of sorrow, of suffering, of misery

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, misery, pain

यत् (yat) - that which, because

(indeclinable)

Relative pronoun (nominative singular neuter) or conjunction.

एतत् (etat) - this (sorrow) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

अनुचिन्तयेत् (anucintayet) - one should dwell upon, one should reflect upon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of anucint

Optative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

From the root cint (to think) with the prefix anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: cint (class 10)

चिन्त्यमानम् (cintyamānam) - being thought about, being dwelled upon

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cintyamāna

cintyamāna - being thought, being pondered, being dwelled upon

Present Passive Participle

Formed from the root cint (to think) with the passive suffix -yamāna.

Root: cint (class 10)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

व्येति (vyeti) - passes away, ceases, disappears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vyeti

Present, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

From the root i (to go) with the prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: i (class 2)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

Comparative adverb of bahu (much).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Particle.

विवर्धते (vivardhate) - increases, grows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vivṛdh

Present, Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular

From the root vṛdh (to grow) with the prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)