महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-15, verse-18

इदं तत्समनुप्राप्तं विदुरस्य वचो महत् ।
असिद्धानुनये कृष्णे यदुवाच महामतिः ॥१८॥

18. idaṁ tatsamanuprāptaṁ vidurasya vaco mahat ,
asiddhānunaye kṛṣṇe yaduvāca mahāmatiḥ.

18. idam tat samanuprāptam vidurasya vacaḥ mahat
asiddhānunaye kṛṣṇe yat uvāca mahāmatiḥ

18. mahāmatiḥ vidurasya tat mahat vacaḥ yat
kṛṣṇe asiddhānunaye uvāca idam samanuprāptam

18. Now, that important statement of the great-minded Vidura, which he spoke to Kṛṣṇa when all persuasion failed, has come to pass.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this, this one

• तत् (tat) - that, that one, such

• समनुप्राप्तम् (samanuprāptam) - arrived, attained, reached, fulfilled

• विदुरस्य (vidurasya) - of Vidura

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying, statement, utterance

• महत् (mahat) - great, mighty, important, significant

• असिद्धानुनये (asiddhānunaye) - when persuasion failed, in the failure of persuasion, when entreaties were unsuccessful

• कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - to Kṛṣṇa, regarding Kṛṣṇa

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• महामतिः (mahāmatiḥ) - Vidura, the great-minded one (the great-minded one, the wise one)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Here it functions as a subject for 'samanuprāptam' referring to 'vacaḥ'.

तत् (tat) - that, that one, such

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, such

Note: Refers to 'vacaḥ'.

समनुप्राप्तम् (samanuprāptam) - arrived, attained, reached, fulfilled

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samanuprāpta

samanuprāpta - arrived at, attained, reached, fulfilled

Past Passive Participle

From verb `āp` (to obtain, reach) with prefixes `sam-anu-pra`.

Prefixes: sam+anu+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'.

विदुरस्य (vidurasya) - of Vidura

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (proper name, son of Vyāsa and a maidservant, half-brother to Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Pāṇḍu, known for wisdom)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying, statement, utterance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, utterance

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The subject of 'samanuprāptam'.

महत् (mahat) - great, mighty, important, significant

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, important, significant

Present Active Participle

From root 'mah' (to be great) or 'mā' (to measure).

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'.

असिद्धानुनये (asiddhānunaye) - when persuasion failed, in the failure of persuasion, when entreaties were unsuccessful

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of asiddhānunaya

asiddhānunaya - unsuccessful persuasion, futile entreaty

Compound of `asiddha` (unsuccessful) and `anunaya` (persuasion, entreaty).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (asiddha+anunaya)

• asiddha – unsuccessful, unaccomplished, fruitless
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  `a` (not) + `siddha` (accomplished, successful).
  Prefix: a
  Root: sidh (class 4)
• anunaya – persuasion, entreaty, conciliation
  noun (masculine)
  From root `nī` (to lead) with prefix `anu`.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Indicates the circumstance or time when Vidura spoke.

कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - to Kṛṣṇa, regarding Kṛṣṇa

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (a divine being, central figure in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Locative here indicates the object of the persuasion or the person to whom it was addressed.

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'vacaḥ'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject is `mahāmatiḥ`.

महामतिः (mahāmatiḥ) - Vidura, the great-minded one (the great-minded one, the wise one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmati

mahāmati - great-minded, highly intelligent

Compound of `mahā` (great) and `mati` (mind, intelligence).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of `mahat`. Here used as a prefix.
• mati – mind, intelligence, thought, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  From root `man` (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.