महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-15, verse-16

तामुवाचाथ गान्धारी सह वध्वा यशस्विनीम् ।
मैवं पुत्रीति शोकार्ता पश्य मामपि दुःखिताम् ॥१६॥

16. tāmuvācātha gāndhārī saha vadhvā yaśasvinīm ,
maivaṁ putrīti śokārtā paśya māmapi duḥkhitām.

16. tām uvāca atha gāndhārī saha vadhvā yaśasvinīm mā
evam putrī iti śokārtā paśya mām api duḥkhitām

16. atha gāndhārī saha yaśasvinīm vadhvā tām uvāca
putrī iti mā evam śokārtā paśya mām api duḥkhitām

16. Then Gāndhārī, accompanied by her glorious daughter-in-law, said to her (Draupadi): "My daughter, do not be so overcome by sorrow (śoka). Look at me; I am also suffering."

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - to Draupadi (to her)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gāndhārī

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• वध्वा (vadhvā) - with her daughter-in-law (Draupadi) (with daughter-in-law, with bride/wife)

• यशस्विनीम् (yaśasvinīm) - her glorious daughter-in-law (glorious, famous)

• मा (mā) - not, do not

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• पुत्री (putrī) - vocative address to Draupadi (O daughter)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative marker)

• शोकार्ता (śokārtā) - Draupadi, afflicted by sorrow (śoka) (afflicted by sorrow)

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, see

• माम् (mām) - Gāndhārī referring to herself (me)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• दुःखिताम् (duḥkhitām) - me, who am suffering (sorrowful, suffering)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - to Draupadi (to her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, her

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root √vac (to speak), perfect tense, 3rd person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to Gāndhārī.

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks sequence or commencement.

गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gāndhārī

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - Gāndhārī (a proper name, wife of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition.

वध्वा (vadhvā) - with her daughter-in-law (Draupadi) (with daughter-in-law, with bride/wife)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vadhū

vadhū - daughter-in-law, bride, wife

Note: Governed by `saha`.

यशस्विनीम् (yaśasvinīm) - her glorious daughter-in-law (glorious, famous)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yaśasvinī

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, renowned

Derived from yaśas (fame) + -vin (possessive suffix)

Note: Qualifies the daughter-in-law (Draupadi), who is implicitly the object of the verb 'said to her'.

मा (mā) - not, do not

(indeclinable)

Note: Prohibitive particle.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying the state of 'being distressed'.

पुत्री (putrī) - vocative address to Draupadi (O daughter)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of putrī

putrī - daughter

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Quotative particle, usually marks the end of a direct speech.

शोकार्ता (śokārtā) - Draupadi, afflicted by sorrow (śoka) (afflicted by sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śokārta

śokārta - afflicted by sorrow, tormented by grief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+ārta)

• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ṛ (to go) with prefix ā- + -ta (past passive participle suffix), meaning 'struck, pained'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Predicative adjective, referring to the state of Draupadi.

पश्य (paśya) - behold, see

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative Active

Root √dṛś (to see), present stem paśya, imperative mood, 2nd person singular active

Root: dṛś (class 1)

माम् (mām) - Gāndhārī referring to herself (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Object of `paśya`.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

दुःखिताम् (duḥkhitām) - me, who am suffering (sorrowful, suffering)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duḥkhitā

duḥkhita - suffering, pained, distressed, sorrowful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from duḥkha (sorrow, pain) + -ita (possessive/participle suffix, implying 'having sorrow' or 'made sorrowful')