महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-9, verse-1

सूत उवाच ।
तेषु तत्रोपविष्टेषु ब्राह्मणेषु समन्ततः ।
रुरुश्चुक्रोश गहनं वनं गत्वा सुदुःखितः ॥१॥

1. sūta uvāca ,
teṣu tatropaviṣṭeṣu brāhmaṇeṣu samantataḥ ,
ruruścukrośa gahanaṁ vanaṁ gatvā suduḥkhitaḥ.

1. sūtaḥ uvāca teṣu tatra upaviṣṭeṣu brāhmaṇeṣu samantataḥ
ruruḥ cukrośa gahanam vanam gatvā suduḥkhitaḥ

1. Sūta said: While those Brahmins were seated all around there, Ruru, extremely distressed, went to the dense forest and cried out.

Words meanings summery:

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (the narrator) (Sūta (a charioteer, bard, narrator))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तेषु (teṣu) - while they (the Brahmins) (among them, in them)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• उपविष्टेषु (upaviṣṭeṣu) - seated, sitting

• ब्राह्मणेषु (brāhmaṇeṣu) - the Brahmins (among the Brahmins)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, on all sides

• रुरुः (ruruḥ) - Ruru (name of the person)

• चुक्रोश (cukrośa) - cried out, lamented

• गहनम् (gahanam) - dense, deep, impenetrable

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

• सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - extremely distressed, greatly pained

Words meanings and morphology

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (the narrator) (Sūta (a charioteer, bard, narrator))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, narrator (born of a kṣatriya father and brahmin mother)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तेषु (teṣu) - while they (the Brahmins) (among them, in them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Used in locative absolute construction

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

उपविष्टेषु (upaviṣṭeṣu) - seated, sitting

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of upaviṣṭa

upaviṣṭa - seated, sat down, occupying

past participle

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction

ब्राह्मणेषु (brāhmaṇeṣu) - the Brahmins (among the Brahmins)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, priest, related to Brahma

Note: Used in locative absolute construction

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, on all sides

(indeclinable)

रुरुः (ruruḥ) - Ruru (name of the person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ruru

ruru - a species of deer; name of a mythical sage

Note: Proper noun

चुक्रोश (cukrośa) - cried out, lamented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of kruś

Root: kruś (class 1)

गहनम् (gahanam) - dense, deep, impenetrable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gahana

gahana - deep, dense, impenetrable, thick (forest)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

(indeclinable)

Root: gam (class 1)

सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - extremely distressed, greatly pained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduḥkhita

suduḥkhita - greatly distressed, very sad, extremely afflicted

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+duḥkhita)

• su – good, well, very, excellent (prefix)
  prefix
• duḥkhita – distressed, pained, sad
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  Root: duḥkh (class 1)