महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-9, verse-20

स कदाचिद्वनं विप्रो रुरुरभ्यागमन्महत् ।
शयानं तत्र चापश्यड्डुण्डुभं वयसान्वितम् ॥२०॥

20. sa kadācidvanaṁ vipro rururabhyāgamanmahat ,
śayānaṁ tatra cāpaśyaḍḍuṇḍubhaṁ vayasānvitam.

20. sa kadācit vanam vipraḥ ruruḥ abhyāgamat mahat
śayānam tatra ca apaśyat duṇḍubham vayasānvitam

20. One day, the brahmin Ruru went to a great forest. There he saw a Duṇḍubha (snake) lying down, endowed with age.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (Ruru) (he, that)

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - one day, once (once, at some time, perhaps)

• वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood)

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the brahmin (brahmin, inspired, wise)

• रुरुः (ruruḥ) - Ruru (Ruru (name of a sage))

• अभ्यागमत् (abhyāgamat) - he went to (he approached, he went to)

• महत् (mahat) - great (forest) (great, large)

• शयानम् (śayānam) - lying down (lying down, sleeping)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in the forest) (there, in that place)

• च (ca) - and

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw

• दुण्डुभम् (duṇḍubham) - a Duṇḍubha snake (a kind of large snake, python)

• वयसान्वितम् (vayasānvitam) - endowed with age (old) (accompanied by age, old)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Ruru) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कदाचित् (kadācit) - one day, once (once, at some time, perhaps)

(indeclinable)

वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, water

Note: object of abhyāgamat

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the brahmin (brahmin, inspired, wise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brahmin, inspired, wise, priest

Note: refers to Ruru

रुरुः (ruruḥ) - Ruru (Ruru (name of a sage))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ruru

ruru - a kind of deer (Antilope cervicapra), name of a sage

Note: proper noun

अभ्यागमत् (abhyāgamat) - he went to (he approached, he went to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: 3rd singular imperfect active of abhi-ā-gam

महत् (mahat) - great (forest) (great, large)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble

Note: agrees with vanam

शयानम् (śayānam) - lying down (lying down, sleeping)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying, sleeping, resting

present participle (middle)

from root śī- (to lie, sleep)

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: agrees with duṇḍubham

तत्र (tatra) - there (in the forest) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: 3rd singular imperfect active of dṛś

दुण्डुभम् (duṇḍubham) - a Duṇḍubha snake (a kind of large snake, python)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duṇḍubha

duṇḍubha - a kind of large non-poisonous snake, python

वयसान्वितम् (vayasānvitam) - endowed with age (old) (accompanied by age, old)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vayasānvita

vayasānvita - accompanied by age, old

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vayas+anvita)

• vayas – age
  noun (neuter)
• anvita – accompanied by, connected with
  adjective
  past participle
  from root i- (to go) with prefix anu-
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: agrees with duṇḍubham