महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-85, verse-6

अष्टक उवाच ।
यदा तु तान्वितुदन्ते वयांसि तथा गृध्राः शितिकण्ठाः पतंगाः ।
कथं भवन्ति कथमाभवन्ति न भौममन्यं नरकं शृणोमि ॥६॥

6. aṣṭaka uvāca ,
yadā tu tānvitudante vayāṁsi; tathā gṛdhrāḥ śitikaṇṭhāḥ pataṁgāḥ ,
kathaṁ bhavanti kathamābhavanti; na bhaumamanyaṁ narakaṁ śṛṇomi.

6. aṣṭakaḥ uvāca | yadā tu tān vitudante
vayāṃsi tathā gṛdhrāḥ śitikaṇṭhāḥ
pataṅgāḥ | katham bhavanti katham
ābhavanti na bhaumam anyam narakam śṛṇomi

6. Aṣṭaka said: "But when birds, vultures, blue-throated birds, and other flying creatures torment those (souls), how do their bodies form, and how do they regenerate? I have not heard of any other earthly hell (comparable to this)."

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टकः (aṣṭakaḥ) - Aṣṭaka (a king, son of Yayāti)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• तान् (tān) - them

• वितुदन्ते (vitudante) - they peck, they torment, they wound

• वयांसि (vayāṁsi) - birds, flying creatures

• तथा (tathā) - and, thus, similarly

• गृध्राः (gṛdhrāḥ) - vultures

• शितिकण्ठाः (śitikaṇṭhāḥ) - blue-throated birds, crows (or specific types of birds of prey)

• पतङ्गाः (pataṅgāḥ) - flying creatures, birds, insects

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they come into being

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• आभवन्ति (ābhavanti) - they reappear, they are born again, they regenerate

• न (na) - not, no

• भौमम् (bhaumam) - earthly, terrestrial

• अन्यम् (anyam) - other, another

• नरकम् (narakam) - hell, underworld

• शृणोमि (śṛṇomi) - I hear, I listen

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टकः (aṣṭakaḥ) - Aṣṭaka (a king, son of Yayāti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭaka

aṣṭaka - Aṣṭaka (proper name of a king, son of Yayāti)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

वितुदन्ते (vitudante) - they peck, they torment, they wound

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of vitud

Prefix: vi

Root: tud (class 6)

वयांसि (vayāṁsi) - birds, flying creatures

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vayas

vayas - bird, flying creature, age, strength

तथा (tathā) - and, thus, similarly

(indeclinable)

गृध्राः (gṛdhrāḥ) - vultures

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture, greedy

शितिकण्ठाः (śitikaṇṭhāḥ) - blue-throated birds, crows (or specific types of birds of prey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śitikaṇṭha

śitikaṇṭha - blue-throated; epithet of Shiva; a kind of bird (e.g., crow, sparrow hawk)

Compound 'śiti' (white, blue, dark) + 'kaṇṭha' (throat).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śiti+kaṇṭha)

• śiti – white, blue, dark
  adjective (masculine)
• kaṇṭha – throat, neck
  noun (masculine)

पतङ्गाः (pataṅgāḥ) - flying creatures, birds, insects

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pataṅga

pataṅga - flying creature, bird, insect, moth, butterfly

Derived from √pat (to fly) + aṅga (body part).

Root: pat (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they come into being

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

आभवन्ति (ābhavanti) - they reappear, they are born again, they regenerate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of ābhū

Verbal root √bhū with upasarga ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: bhū (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

भौमम् (bhaumam) - earthly, terrestrial

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhauma

bhauma - earthly, terrestrial, relating to the earth

Derived from 'bhūmi' (earth) with suffix 'aṇ'.

अन्यम् (anyam) - other, another

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

नरकम् (narakam) - hell, underworld

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, Hades, underworld, place of torment

शृणोमि (śṛṇomi) - I hear, I listen

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)