महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-85, verse-17

अष्टक उवाच ।
यः संस्थितः पुरुषो दह्यते वा निखन्यते वापि निघृष्यते वा ।
अभावभूतः स विनाशमेत्य केनात्मानं चेतयते पुरस्तात् ॥१७॥

17. aṣṭaka uvāca ,
yaḥ saṁsthitaḥ puruṣo dahyate vā; nikhanyate vāpi nighṛṣyate vā ,
abhāvabhūtaḥ sa vināśametya; kenātmānaṁ cetayate purastāt.

17. aṣṭaka uvāca | yaḥ saṃsthitaḥ puruṣaḥ
dahyate vā nikhanyate vā api
nighṛṣyate vā | abhāvabhūtaḥ saḥ vināśam
etya kena ātmānam cetayate purastāt

17. Aṣṭaka said: 'When a person (puruṣa) dies, whether he is burned, or buried, or even devoured, and his body has turned into non-existence, approaching its destruction—by what means does that (soul or self) perceive (its) self (ātman) afterwards?'

17. אַשְׁתַקַה שאל, האדם שמת, ונשרף או נקבר או נמחץ, כשהוא נעשה לא קיים ומגיע לכיליון, באיזה אמצעי הוא שוב מזהה את עצמו אחר כך?

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टक (aṣṭaka) - Aṣṭaka

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• संस्थितः (saṁsthitaḥ) - departed, deceased, established, situated

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

• दह्यते (dahyate) - is burned, is consumed by fire

• वा (vā) - or, either

• निखन्यते (nikhanyate) - is buried

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अपि (api) - even, also

• निघृष्यते (nighṛṣyate) - is crushed, is devoured, is rubbed down

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अभावभूतः (abhāvabhūtaḥ) - having become non-existent, turned into non-being

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• विनाशम् (vināśam) - destruction, annihilation

• एत्य (etya) - having approached, having attained

• केन (kena) - by what, by whom, with what means

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self (ātman), soul

• चेतयते (cetayate) - causes to perceive, recognizes, knows, makes conscious

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - formerly, before, in the east, afterwards (contextually)

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टक (aṣṭaka) - Aṣṭaka

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭaka

aṣṭaka - Aṣṭaka (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

संस्थितः (saṁsthitaḥ) - departed, deceased, established, situated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsthita

saṁsthita - standing together, established, deceased, departed, situated

Past Passive Participle

from saṃ-sthā

Prefix: sam

Root: sthā (class 1)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person, spirit, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

दह्यते (dahyate) - is burned, is consumed by fire

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (lat) of dah

Root: dah (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

निखन्यते (nikhanyate) - is buried

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (lat) of ni-khan

Prefix: ni

Root: khan (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

निघृष्यते (nighṛṣyate) - is crushed, is devoured, is rubbed down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (lat) of ni-ghṛṣ

Prefix: ni

Root: ghṛṣ (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अभावभूतः (abhāvabhūtaḥ) - having become non-existent, turned into non-being

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhāvabhūta

abhāvabhūta - having become non-existent, reduced to nothingness

Compound type : bahuvrihi (abhāva+bhūta)

• abhāva – non-existence, absence, annihilation
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, happened, existing, a being
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विनाशम् (vināśam) - destruction, annihilation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - destruction, ruin, annihilation, loss

एत्य (etya) - having approached, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root i, with -ya suffix

Root: i (class 2)

केन (kena) - by what, by whom, with what means

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self (ātman), soul

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature

चेतयते (cetayate) - causes to perceive, recognizes, knows, makes conscious

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of cit

Causative

causative form of root cit

Root: cit (class 10)

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - formerly, before, in the east, afterwards (contextually)

(indeclinable)

Previous Verse Next Verse