महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-47, verse-25

उच्चावचाश्च बहवो नानावर्णा विषोल्बणाः ।
घोराश्च परिघप्रख्या दन्दशूका महाबलाः ।
प्रपेतुरग्नावुरगा मातृवाग्दण्डपीडिताः ॥२५॥

25. uccāvacāśca bahavo nānāvarṇā viṣolbaṇāḥ ,
ghorāśca parighaprakhyā dandaśūkā mahābalāḥ ,
prapeturagnāvuragā mātṛvāgdaṇḍapīḍitāḥ.

25. uccāvacāḥ ca bahavaḥ nānāvarṇāḥ
viṣolbaṇāḥ ghorāḥ ca parighaprakhyāḥ
dandaśūkāḥ mahābalāḥ prapetuḥ
agnau uragāḥ mātṛvāgdaṇḍapīḍitāḥ

25. Moreover, many (snakes) of various kinds and diverse colors, intensely poisonous; and dreadful, club-like, venomous serpents, immensely powerful, fell into the fire, tormented by the curse of their mother's words.

Words meanings summery:

• उच्चावचाः (uccāvacāḥ) - of various kinds (referring to snakes) (various, high and low, uneven)

• च (ca) - and

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (snakes) (many, numerous)

• नानावर्णाः (nānāvarṇāḥ) - of diverse colors (snakes) (of various colours, multi-colored)

• विषोल्बणाः (viṣolbaṇāḥ) - intensely poisonous (snakes) (filled with poison, abounding in poison, intensely poisonous)

• घोराः (ghorāḥ) - dreadful, fearsome (snakes) (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

• च (ca) - and

• परिघप्रख्याः (parighaprakhyāḥ) - looking like iron clubs (due to their size/shape) (resembling iron clubs/bars)

• दन्दशूकाः (dandaśūkāḥ) - venomous serpents (venomous serpents, fanged creatures)

• महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - immensely powerful (venomous serpents) (greatly powerful, immensely strong)

• प्रपेतुः (prapetuḥ) - they fell into (the fire) (they fell down, they dropped)

• अग्नौ (agnau) - into the sacrificial fire (in the fire)

• उरगाः (uragāḥ) - the serpents (who are the subject of the sacrifice) (serpents, snakes (lit. 'chest-goer'))

• मातृवाग्दण्डपीडिताः (mātṛvāgdaṇḍapīḍitāḥ) - tormented by their mother's curse (Kaḍru's curse) (tormented by the punishment of their mother's words, afflicted by the curse of mother's speech)

Words meanings and morphology

उच्चावचाः (uccāvacāḥ) - of various kinds (referring to snakes) (various, high and low, uneven)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of uccāvaca

uccāvaca - high and low, various, diverse, mixed

Compound ucca (high) + avaca (low).

Compound type : dvandva (ucca+avaca)

• ucca – high, lofty, loud
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  From ud-√ci.
  Root: √ci (class 5)
• avaca – low, depressed, inferior
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Prefix: ava

Note: Agrees with uragāḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (snakes) (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

u-stem adjective.

नानावर्णाः (nānāvarṇāḥ) - of diverse colors (snakes) (of various colours, multi-colored)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nānāvarṇa

nānāvarṇa - of various colours, variegated

Compound nānā (various) + varṇa (colour).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nānā+varṇa)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
  Adverbial.
• varṇa – colour, tint, hue, caste, letter
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  From √vṛ (to cover, choose).
  Root: √vṛ (class 5)

विषोल्बणाः (viṣolbaṇāḥ) - intensely poisonous (snakes) (filled with poison, abounding in poison, intensely poisonous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viṣolbaṇa

viṣolbaṇa - abounding in poison, greatly poisonous, excessively dangerous

Compound viṣa (poison) + ulbaṇa (excessive, abundant).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṣa+ulbaṇa)

• viṣa – poison, venom, bane
  noun (neuter)
  From √viṣ (to be active, to pervade).
  Root: √viṣ (class 3)
• ulbaṇa – excessive, abundant, prominent, terrible
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

घोराः (ghorāḥ) - dreadful, fearsome (snakes) (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, frightful, fierce, awful

From √ghūr (to move, to be dreadful).

Root: √ghūr (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

परिघप्रख्याः (parighaprakhyāḥ) - looking like iron clubs (due to their size/shape) (resembling iron clubs/bars)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parighaprakhya

parighaprakhya - resembling an iron club or bar

Compound parigha (iron club) + prakhya (resembling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parigha+prakhya)

• parigha – iron club, bolt, cross-bar
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  From pari-√han (to strike around).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: √han (class 2)
• prakhya – resembling, looking like, similar to
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  agent noun suffix
  From pra-√khyā (to appear, to be seen).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √khyā (class 2)

दन्दशूकाः (dandaśūkāḥ) - venomous serpents (venomous serpents, fanged creatures)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dandaśūka

dandaśūka - venomous serpent, a fanged animal, biting creature

intensive/frequentative (reduplicated)

From √daṃś (to bite) with reduplication and ūka suffix.

Root: √daṃś (class 1)

Note: Specific term for venomous snakes.

महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - immensely powerful (venomous serpents) (greatly powerful, immensely strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābala

mahābala - very strong, powerful

Compound mahā (great) + bala (strength).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bala)

• mahat – great, large, strong, mighty
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  at-stem.
• bala – strength, power, force, might
  noun (neuter)
  From √bal (to live, breathe, be strong).
  Root: √bal (class 10)

Note: Agrees with dandaśūkāḥ and uragāḥ.

प्रपेतुः (prapetuḥ) - they fell into (the fire) (they fell down, they dropped)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of prapat

perfect tense (lit)

3rd person plural, perfect active.

Prefix: pra

Root: √pat (class 1)

Note: Subject is uragāḥ.

अग्नौ (agnau) - into the sacrificial fire (in the fire)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire (Agni), sacrificial fire

i-stem masculine noun.

उरगाः (uragāḥ) - the serpents (who are the subject of the sacrifice) (serpents, snakes (lit. 'chest-goer'))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of uraga

uraga - serpent, snake (lit. 'one who moves on the chest')

agent noun / descriptive noun

Compound uras (chest) + ga (going).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (uras+ga)

• uras – chest, breast, front
  noun (neuter)
  as-stem neuter noun.
• ga – going, moving
  noun/suffix (masculine)
  agent noun suffix
  From √gam with ḍa suffix.
  Root: √gam (class 1)

मातृवाग्दण्डपीडिताः (mātṛvāgdaṇḍapīḍitāḥ) - tormented by their mother's curse (Kaḍru's curse) (tormented by the punishment of their mother's words, afflicted by the curse of mother's speech)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mātṛvāgdaṇḍapīḍita

mātṛvāgdaṇḍapīḍita - oppressed/tormented by the punishment of mother's words/curse

Compound mātṛ (mother) + vāk (word) + daṇḍa (punishment/curse) + pīḍita (tormented).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mātṛ+vāc+daṇḍa+pīḍita)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
  ṛ-stem feminine noun.
• vāc – word, speech, voice, language
  noun (feminine)
  c-stem feminine noun.
  Root: √vac (class 2)
• daṇḍa – stick, staff, punishment, rod, fine, curse
  noun (masculine)
  From √daṇḍ (to punish).
  Root: √daṇḍ (class 10)
• pīḍita – tormented, oppressed, afflicted, harassed
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  past participle (kta)
  From √pīḍ (to oppress, torment).
  Root: √pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with uragāḥ. This refers to the curse by Kaḍru on her snake sons.