महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-30, verse-3

सखेति कृत्वा तु सखे पृष्टो वक्ष्याम्यहं त्वया ।
न ह्यात्मस्तवसंयुक्तं वक्तव्यमनिमित्ततः ॥३॥

3. sakheti kṛtvā tu sakhe pṛṣṭo vakṣyāmyahaṁ tvayā ,
na hyātmastavasaṁyuktaṁ vaktavyamanimittataḥ.

3. sakhā iti kṛtvā tu sakhe pṛṣṭaḥ vakṣyāmi aham tvayā
na hi ātmasaṁstavasaṁyuktam vaktavyam animittataḥ

3. But, O friend, since you have addressed me as 'friend' and asked, I will tell you. For indeed, one should not speak words tainted by self-praise without a proper cause.

Words meanings summery:

• सखा (sakhā) - friend (friend, companion)

• इति (iti) - thus (marking quotation) (thus, so, in this way)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having considered, taking into account (having done, having made, considering)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• सखे (sakhe) - O friend

• पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - having been asked (asked, questioned)

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will tell (I will speak, I will tell)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (as the questioner) (by you, with you)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (for, indeed, because)

• आत्मसंस्तवसंयुक्तम् (ātmasaṁstavasaṁyuktam) - associated with self-praise (connected with self-praise)

• वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be spoken (to be spoken, should be said)

• अनिमित्ततः (animittataḥ) - without a proper reason (without cause, causelessly, groundlessly)

Words meanings and morphology

सखा (sakhā) - friend (friend, companion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion, comrade

Note: Used as the quoted word 'friend'.

इति (iti) - thus (marking quotation) (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having considered, taking into account (having done, having made, considering)

(verb)

Prefix:

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

सखे (sakhe) - O friend

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion, comrade

Note: Vocative case, addressing Indra.

पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - having been asked (asked, questioned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned, interrogated

past passive participle

kta affix from root prach

Prefix:

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Masculine nominative singular, agreeing with 'aham' (understood).

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will tell (I will speak, I will tell)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Prefix:

Root: vac (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

Note: Explicit subject for 'vakṣyāmi'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (as the questioner) (by you, with you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Indicates the agent of the past participle 'pṛṣṭaḥ'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - for, indeed (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)

आत्मसंस्तवसंयुक्तम् (ātmasaṁstavasaṁyuktam) - associated with self-praise (connected with self-praise)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ātmasaṁstavasaṁyukta

ātmasaṁstavasaṁyukta - connected with self-praise

tatpuruṣa compound: ātman (self) + saṁstava (praise) + saṁyukta (joined)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+saṁstava+saṁyukta)

• ātman – self, soul, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix:
• saṁstava – praise, commendation, eulogy
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root stu (to praise) with sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: stu (class 2)
• saṁyukta – joined, connected, associated
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root yuj (to join)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'vaktavyam'.

वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be spoken (to be spoken, should be said)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaktavya

vaktavya - to be spoken, speakable, what should be said

passive future participle (gerundive)

tavya affix from root vac

Prefix:

Root: vac (class 2)

अनिमित्ततः (animittataḥ) - without a proper reason (without cause, causelessly, groundlessly)

(indeclinable)

derived from animitta (without cause) with -tas suffix (indicating 'from/by reason of')

Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+nimitta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Prefix:
• nimitta – cause, reason, motive, sign
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: