महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-29, verse-17

अनुपत्य खगं त्विन्द्रो वज्रेणाङ्गेऽभ्यताडयत् ।
विहंगमं सुरामित्रं हरन्तममृतं बलात् ॥१७॥

17. anupatya khagaṁ tvindro vajreṇāṅge'bhyatāḍayat ,
vihaṁgamaṁ surāmitraṁ harantamamṛtaṁ balāt.

17. anupatya khagam tu indraḥ vajreṇa aṅge abhyatāḍayat
vihaṅgamam surāmitram harantam amṛtam balāt

17. But Indra, having pursued the bird (Garuḍa) — the enemy of the gods who was forcefully carrying away the nectar — struck him on the body with his thunderbolt.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुपत्य (anupatya) - having pursued (having pursued, having followed)

• खगम् (khagam) - the bird (Garuḍa) (bird, sky-goer)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (Indra (king of the gods))

• वज्रेण (vajreṇa) - with his thunderbolt (by the thunderbolt, with the diamond)

• अङ्गे (aṅge) - on the body (of Garuḍa) (on the limb, on the body)

• अभ्यताडयत् (abhyatāḍayat) - struck (he struck, he beat)

• विहङ्गमम् (vihaṅgamam) - the bird (Garuḍa) (bird, sky-goer)

• सुरामित्रम् (surāmitram) - the enemy of the gods (enemy of the gods)

• हरन्तम् (harantam) - who was carrying away (carrying away, stealing)

• अमृतम् (amṛtam) - the nectar of immortality (nectar, immortality)

• बलात् (balāt) - by force (by force, forcefully)

Words meanings and morphology

अनुपत्य (anupatya) - having pursued (having pursued, having followed)

(indeclinable)

Prefix: anu

Root: pat (class 1)

खगम् (khagam) - the bird (Garuḍa) (bird, sky-goer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaga

khaga - moving in the sky, bird

kha (sky) + ga (going)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (kha+ga)

• kha – sky, space, ether
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving, a goer
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'anupatya'.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a contrast.

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (Indra (king of the gods))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of the devas)

Note: Subject of 'abhyatāḍayat'.

वज्रेण (vajreṇa) - with his thunderbolt (by the thunderbolt, with the diamond)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vajra

vajra - thunderbolt (Indra's weapon), diamond

Note: Instrument of striking.

अङ्गे (aṅge) - on the body (of Garuḍa) (on the limb, on the body)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of aṅga

aṅga - limb, body, part

Note: Locative of place where struck.

अभ्यताडयत् (abhyatāḍayat) - struck (he struck, he beat)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhitāḍ

Prefix: abhi

Root: tāḍ (class 10)

Note: 'a' is augment. Root is tāḍ but used as causative tāḍay.

विहङ्गमम् (vihaṅgamam) - the bird (Garuḍa) (bird, sky-goer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vihaṅgama

vihaṅgama - bird, moving in the air

vi + haṅgama (from gam with haṅ-augment)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (vi+haṅgama)

• vi – asunder, apart, away
  upasarga
• haṅgama – going (in the air)
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root gam with 'haṅ' infix/augment, specific to this word family for 'bird'
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'khagam'.

सुरामित्रम् (surāmitram) - the enemy of the gods (enemy of the gods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of surāmitra

surāmitra - enemy of the gods

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sura+amitra)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• amitra – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  negation of mitra (friend)
  Prefix: a

Note: Appositive to 'khagam'/'vihaṅgamam'. Garuḍa was at this point an enemy of the gods because he was stealing the nectar they needed.

हरन्तम् (harantam) - who was carrying away (carrying away, stealing)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hṛ

hṛ - to carry, to take, to steal, to remove

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'khagam'.

अमृतम् (amṛtam) - the nectar of immortality (nectar, immortality)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - immortality, nectar, ambrosia

negation of mṛta

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mṛta)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• mṛta – dead
  past participle (neuter)
  past participle
  from root mṛ
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Object of 'harantam'.

बलात् (balāt) - by force (by force, forcefully)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force

Note: Adverbial, showing manner.