महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-179, verse-21

तस्मिंस्तु शब्दे महति प्रवृत्ते युधिष्ठिरो धर्मभृतां वरिष्ठः ।
आवासमेवोपजगाम शीघ्रं सार्धं यमाभ्यां पुरुषोत्तमाभ्याम् ॥२१॥

21. tasmiṁstu śabde mahati pravṛtte; yudhiṣṭhiro dharmabhṛtāṁ variṣṭhaḥ ,
āvāsamevopajagāma śīghraṁ; sārdhaṁ yamābhyāṁ puruṣottamābhyām.

21. tasmin tu śabde mahati pravṛtte
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ dharmabhṛtām variṣṭhaḥ
āvāsam eva upajagāma śīghram
sārdham yamābhyām puruṣottamābhyām

21. Then, as that great sound arose, Yudhishthira, the foremost among those upholding natural law (dharma), quickly returned to his dwelling along with the two best among men (puruṣottama), the twin brothers (Nakula and Sahadeva).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (sound) (in that, in him)

• तु (tu) - then (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

• शब्दे (śabde) - in that sound (in the sound, in the noise)

• महति (mahati) - great, loud (great, large, loud)

• प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having arisen (having begun, having occurred, arisen)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (name of a Pandava))

• धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of those upholding natural law (dharma) (of those who uphold (dharma) natural law)

• वरिष्ठः (variṣṭhaḥ) - foremost (most excellent, chief, best)

• आवासम् (āvāsam) - dwelling (dwelling, abode, home)

• एव (eva) - (emphatic, indicating movement to that specific place) (indeed, only, just, exactly)

• उपजगाम (upajagāma) - returned to (he approached, went near)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - along with (together with, along with)

• यमाभ्याम् (yamābhyām) - with the twin brothers (Nakula and Sahadeva) (with the two Yamas (twins, Nakula and Sahadeva))

• पुरुषोत्तमाभ्याम् (puruṣottamābhyām) - with the two best among men (puruṣottama) (with the two best among men)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (sound) (in that, in him)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with śabde.

तु (tu) - then (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

शब्दे (śabde) - in that sound (in the sound, in the noise)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, language

Note: Refers to the loud sound/commotion.

महति (mahati) - great, loud (great, large, loud)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Agrees with śabde.

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having arisen (having begun, having occurred, arisen)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - begun, commenced, arisen, happened, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śabde.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (name of a Pandava))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava

Compound: yudhi (in battle, loc. of yudh) + sthira (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight, war
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of those upholding natural law (dharma) (of those who uphold (dharma) natural law)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmabhṛt

dharmabhṛt - upholding natural law (dharma), righteous, religious

agent noun

Compound: dharma + bhṛt (from root bhṛ to bear/uphold).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+bhṛt)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• bhṛt – bearing, upholding, maintaining
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Agent noun from root bhṛ.
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

वरिष्ठः (variṣṭhaḥ) - foremost (most excellent, chief, best)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of variṣṭha

variṣṭha - most excellent, best, chief, principal

Superlative degree of vara (excellent) or urvī (large).

Root: vṛ (class 1)

आवासम् (āvāsam) - dwelling (dwelling, abode, home)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āvāsa

āvāsa - dwelling, abode, residence, home

From root vas (to dwell) with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: vas (class 1)

एव (eva) - (emphatic, indicating movement to that specific place) (indeed, only, just, exactly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

उपजगाम (upajagāma) - returned to (he approached, went near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

perfect, active

Root gam (1P, gacchati) with upasarga upa. Perfect 3rd singular upajagāma.

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Used adverbially.

सार्धम् (sārdham) - along with (together with, along with)

(indeclinable)

Adverb. Takes instrumental case.

Note: Used with instrumental case (yamābhyām puruṣottamābhyām).

यमाभ्याम् (yamābhyām) - with the twin brothers (Nakula and Sahadeva) (with the two Yamas (twins, Nakula and Sahadeva))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of yama

yama - Yama (god of death), a twin, a pair

Often used to refer to Nakula and Sahadeva collectively as 'the Yamas' or twins.

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Refers to Nakula and Sahadeva.

पुरुषोत्तमाभ्याम् (puruṣottamābhyām) - with the two best among men (puruṣottama) (with the two best among men)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of puruṣottama

puruṣottama - best among men, excellent man; a title of Vishnu/Krishna (puruṣa)

Compound: puruṣa (man) + uttama (best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+uttama)

• puruṣa – man, male, person, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to Nakula and Sahadeva.