महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-179, verse-2

उदक्रोशन्विप्रमुख्या विधुन्वन्तोऽजिनानि च ।
दृष्ट्वा संप्रस्थितं पार्थमिन्द्रकेतुसमप्रभम् ॥२॥

2. udakrośanvipramukhyā vidhunvanto'jināni ca ,
dṛṣṭvā saṁprasthitaṁ pārthamindraketusamaprabham.

2. udakrośan vipramukhyāḥ vidhunvantaḥ ajināni ca
dṛṣṭvā samprasthitam pārtham indraketusamaprabham

2. The principal Brahmins cried out, waving their deer-skins, upon seeing Pārtha (Arjuna) set forth, shining with the radiance of Indra's banner.

Words meanings summery:

• उदक्रोशन् (udakrośan) - cried out, shouted, wailed

• विप्रमुख्याः (vipramukhyāḥ) - chief among Brahmins, principal Brahmins

• विधुन्वन्तः (vidhunvantaḥ) - waving, shaking, trembling

• अजिनानि (ajināni) - deer-skins, animal hides

• च (ca) - and, also

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• सम्प्रस्थितम् (samprasthitam) - set forth, departed, gone forth

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna (Pārtha (son of Pṛthā/Kunti, an epithet of Arjuna))

• इन्द्रकेतुसमप्रभम् (indraketusamaprabham) - shining with a splendor equal to Indra's banner

Words meanings and morphology

उदक्रोशन् (udakrośan) - cried out, shouted, wailed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of utkruś

Prefix: ud

Root: kruś (class 1)

विप्रमुख्याः (vipramukhyāḥ) - chief among Brahmins, principal Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipramukhya

vipramukhya - chief Brahmin, principal Brahmin

Tatpurusha compound: 'vipra' (Brahmin) + 'mukhya' (chief)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipra+mukhya)

• vipra – Brahmin, priest, inspired, wise
  noun (masculine)
  from root 'vip' (to tremble, to vibrate, to inspire)
  Root: vip (class 1)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost, main
  adjective (masculine/neuter)

Note: Subject of 'udakrośan'.

विधुन्वन्तः (vidhunvantaḥ) - waving, shaking, trembling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidhunvat

dhū - to shake, to agitate, to move to and fro

Present Active Participle

from root 'dhū' (to shake) with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'vipramukhyāḥ'.

अजिनानि (ajināni) - deer-skins, animal hides

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ajina

ajina - skin, hide (especially of a deer), antelope skin

Note: Object of 'vidhunvantaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सम्प्रस्थितम् (samprasthitam) - set forth, departed, gone forth

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samprasthita

samprasthita - set out, departed, gone forth, started

Past Passive Participle

from root 'sthā' (to stand, to go) with prefixes 'sam' and 'pra'

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pārtham'.

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna (Pārtha (son of Pṛthā/Kunti, an epithet of Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), an epithet of Arjuna and other sons of Kunti

descendant of Pṛthā

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

इन्द्रकेतुसमप्रभम् (indraketusamaprabham) - shining with a splendor equal to Indra's banner

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of indraketusamaprabha

indraketusamaprabha - whose splendor is equal to Indra's banner; shining like Indra's standard

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'indra-ketu' (Indra's banner) + 'sama' (equal) + 'prabhā' (radiance)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (indra+ketu+sama+prabhā)

• indra – Indra (king of the gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ketu – banner, flag, sign, mark
  noun (masculine)
• sama – equal, like, similar, same
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
• prabhā – light, splendor, radiance, luster
  noun (feminine)
  from root 'bhā' (to shine) with prefix 'pra'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'pārtham'.