महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-179, verse-20

तं दृष्ट्वा द्रुपदः प्रीतो बभूवारिनिषूदनः ।
सहसैन्यश्च पार्थस्य साहाय्यार्थमियेष सः ॥२०॥

20. taṁ dṛṣṭvā drupadaḥ prīto babhūvāriniṣūdanaḥ ,
sahasainyaśca pārthasya sāhāyyārthamiyeṣa saḥ.

20. tam dṛṣṭvā drupadaḥ prītaḥ babhūva ariniṣūdanaḥ
sahasainyaḥ ca pārthasya sāhāyyārtham iyeṣa saḥ

20. Seeing him, Drupada, the vanquisher of foes, became delighted. He, along with his army, then wished to assist Partha (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada (Drupada (name of a king))

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - delighted (pleased, delighted, satisfied)

• बभूव (babhūva) - became (he became, he was)

• अरिनिषूदनः (ariniṣūdanaḥ) - vanquisher of foes (destroyer of enemies, vanquisher of foes)

• सहसईन्यः (sahasaīnyaḥ) - along with his army (accompanied by his army, with his army)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Partha (Arjuna)

• साहाय्यार्थम् (sāhāyyārtham) - for help (for the purpose of help, for help)

• इयेष (iyeṣa) - wished (he desired, he wished)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Drupada) (he, that)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root dṛś with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada (Drupada (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - Drupada, king of Pañchala, father of Draupadi

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - delighted (pleased, delighted, satisfied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, satisfied; loved, dear

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root prī (to please, delight)

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Drupada.

बभूव (babhūva) - became (he became, he was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

perfect, active

Root bhū (1P, bhavati). Perfect 3rd singular babhūva.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अरिनिषूदनः (ariniṣūdanaḥ) - vanquisher of foes (destroyer of enemies, vanquisher of foes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ariniṣūdana

ariniṣūdana - destroyer of enemies, subjugator of foes

agent noun / adjective from verbal root

From ari (enemy) and niṣūdana (destroying, killing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ari+niṣūdana)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• niṣūdana – destroying, killing, subjugating
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root sūd with upasarga ni.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sūd (class 10)

Note: Qualifies Drupada.

सहसईन्यः (sahasaīnyaḥ) - along with his army (accompanied by his army, with his army)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahasaīnya

sahasaīnya - accompanied by an army, together with an army

From saha (with) and sainya (army).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saha+sainya)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
• sainya – army, military host
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Drupada (saḥ).

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Partha (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), an epithet for Arjuna and other Pandavas

Derived from pṛthā (Kunti) with patronymic suffix -a.

साहाय्यार्थम् (sāhāyyārtham) - for help (for the purpose of help, for help)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāhāyyārtha

sāhāyyārtha - the purpose of assistance, for assistance

Formed from sāhāyya (help) and artha (purpose).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sāhāyya+artha)

• sāhāyya – help, aid, assistance
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, aim, object, meaning
  noun (masculine/neuter)

Note: Used adverbially for purpose.

इयेष (iyeṣa) - wished (he desired, he wished)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of iṣ

perfect, active

Root iṣ (4P, icchati). Perfect 3rd singular iyeṣa.

Root: iṣ (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he (Drupada) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Drupada.