महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-171, verse-22

महद्धयशिरो भूत्वा यत्तद्वेदविदो विदुः ।
तमग्निमुद्गिरन्वक्त्रात्पिबत्यापो महोदधौ ॥२२॥

22. mahaddhayaśiro bhūtvā yattadvedavido viduḥ ,
tamagnimudgiranvaktrātpibatyāpo mahodadhau.

22. mahat hayaśiraḥ bhūtvā yat tat vedavidaḥ viduḥ
tam agnim udgiran vaktrāt pibati āpaḥ mahodadhau

22. Having become a great horse's head, which the knowers of the Vedas know it to be, that fire (agni), continuously vomiting from its mouth, drinks the waters in the great ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

• हयशिरः (hayaśiraḥ) - horse's head

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• वेदविदः (vedavidaḥ) - knowers of the Vedas

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

• उद्गिरन् (udgiran) - vomiting, emitting, throwing up

• वक्त्रात् (vaktrāt) - from the mouth

• पिबति (pibati) - drinks

• आपः (āpaḥ) - waters

• महोदधौ (mahodadhau) - in the great ocean

Words meanings and morphology

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Modifies 'hayaśiraḥ'.

हयशिरः (hayaśiraḥ) - horse's head

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hayaśiras

hayaśiras - horse's head

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (haya+śiras)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root bhū, with suffix -tvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that which

Note: Refers to the 'great horse's head'.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Corresponds to 'yat'.

वेदविदः (vedavidaḥ) - knowers of the Vedas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vedavid

vedavid - knower of the Vedas

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (veda+vid)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• vid – knower, knowing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vid 'to know'.
  Root: vid (class 2)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vid

present active

3rd person plural present active

Root: vid (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'agnim'.

अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

उद्गिरन् (udgiran) - vomiting, emitting, throwing up

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udgirat

udgirat - vomiting, emitting, throwing up

present active participle

Present active participle from root gṛ with prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Modifies the implied subject of 'pibati' (the fire).

वक्त्रात् (vaktrāt) - from the mouth

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vaktra

vaktra - mouth, face

Root: vac (class 2)

पिबति (pibati) - drinks

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of pā

present active

3rd person singular present active

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'agni' (implied).

आपः (āpaḥ) - waters

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water, waters

महोदधौ (mahodadhau) - in the great ocean

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahodadhi

mahodadhi - great ocean

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+udadhi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• udadhi – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ud + dhā 'to hold'.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: dhā (class 3)