महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-171, verse-1

और्व उवाच ।
उक्तवानस्मि यां क्रोधात्प्रतिज्ञां पितरस्तदा ।
सर्वलोकविनाशाय न सा मे वितथा भवेत् ॥१॥

1. aurva uvāca ,
uktavānasmi yāṁ krodhātpratijñāṁ pitarastadā ,
sarvalokavināśāya na sā me vitathā bhavet.

1. aurvaḥ uvāca uktavān asmi yām krodhāt pratijñām
pitaraḥ tadā sarvalokavināśāya na sā me vitathā bhavet

1. Aurva said: "The vow (pratijñā) that I made then to my ancestors out of anger (krodha) for the destruction of all worlds—that vow of mine cannot be in vain."

Words meanings summery:

• और्वः (aurvaḥ) - The sage Aurva (Aurva (a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• उक्तवान् (uktavān) - one who has stated/made (a vow) (having said, one who has spoken)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• याम् (yām) - which (referring to "pratijñām") (which, whom)

• क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - out of anger (krodha) (from anger, due to anger)

• प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - a vow (vow, promise, assertion)

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (fathers, ancestors)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• सर्वलोकविनाशाय (sarvalokavināśāya) - for the destruction of all worlds

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• सा (sā) - that (referring to "pratijñā") (she, that (feminine))

• मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

• वितथा (vitathā) - in vain (false, in vain, fruitless, ineffectual)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (in vain) / cannot be (in vain) (it should be, it would be, it may be)

Words meanings and morphology

और्वः (aurvaḥ) - The sage Aurva (Aurva (a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aurva

aurva - son of ṛci; a sage

patronymic from Ūru or Ṛci

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense, 3rd person singular

from root √vac (2nd class), reduplication, strong stem

Root: vac (class 2)

उक्तवान् (uktavān) - one who has stated/made (a vow) (having said, one who has spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uktavat

uktavat - having spoken, having said

Past Active Participle

from √vac + ktavat suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

present tense, 1st person singular

from root √as (2nd class)

Root: as (class 2)

याम् (yām) - which (referring to "pratijñām") (which, whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - out of anger (krodha) (from anger, due to anger)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath

from √krudh (4th class) + ghañ suffix

Root: krudh (class 4)

प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - a vow (vow, promise, assertion)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - vow, promise, agreement, assertion

from prati-√jñā (9th class)

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (fathers, ancestors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

formed from tad + dā suffix

सर्वलोकविनाशाय (sarvalokavināśāya) - for the destruction of all worlds

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of sarvalokavināśa

sarvalokavināśa - destruction of all worlds

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+loka+vināśa)

• sarva – all, whole, every
  adjective (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  from √lok (1st class)
  Root: lok (class 1)
• vināśa – destruction, ruin, loss
  noun (masculine)
  from vi-√naś (4th class) + ghañ suffix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: naś (class 4)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - that (referring to "pratijñā") (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

enclitic form

वितथा (vitathā) - in vain (false, in vain, fruitless, ineffectual)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vitatha

vitatha - false, untrue, in vain, fruitless

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+tatha)

• vi – apart, away, without
  indeclinable
  prefix
• tatha – so, thus, in that manner
  indeclinable
  from tad + thāl suffix

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (in vain) / cannot be (in vain) (it should be, it would be, it may be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

optative mood, 3rd person singular

from root √bhū (1st class)

Root: bhū (class 1)