महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-171, verse-12

राजभिश्चेश्वरैश्चैव यदि वै पितरो मम ।
शक्तैर्न शकिता त्रातुमिष्टं मत्वेह जीवितम् ॥१२॥

12. rājabhiśceśvaraiścaiva yadi vai pitaro mama ,
śaktairna śakitā trātumiṣṭaṁ matveha jīvitam.

12. rājabhiḥ ca īśvaraiḥ ca eva yadi vai pitaraḥ mama
śaktaiḥ na śakitā trātum iṣṭam matvā iha jīvitam

12. If indeed my ancestors, who were kings and powerful lords, were unable to protect my (Śakuntalā's) cherished life here, despite considering (such) life desirable...

Words meanings summery:

• राजभिः (rājabhiḥ) - by kings, by rulers

• च (ca) - and

• ईश्वरैः (īśvaraiḥ) - by lords, by masters

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• यदि (yadi) - if

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (or protectors) (fathers, ancestors, protectors)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• शक्तैः (śaktaiḥ) - by the powerful (kings and lords) (by the able ones, by the powerful ones)

• न (na) - not

• शकिता (śakitā) - capacity (to protect) (ability, capacity, possibility)

• त्रातुम् (trātum) - to protect, to save

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired, cherished, beloved

• मत्वा (matvā) - having considered, having thought

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living

Words meanings and morphology

राजभिः (rājabhiḥ) - by kings, by rulers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ईश्वरैः (īśvaraiḥ) - by lords, by masters

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, powerful one

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (or protectors) (fathers, ancestors, protectors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, protector

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

शक्तैः (śaktaiḥ) - by the powerful (kings and lords) (by the able ones, by the powerful ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śakta

śakta - able, powerful, capable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śak (to be able), 5th class

Root: śak (class 5)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

शकिता (śakitā) - capacity (to protect) (ability, capacity, possibility)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakitā

śakitā - ability, capacity, capability, possibility

Derived from root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Used here as a predicate, implying 'was not present'.

त्रातुम् (trātum) - to protect, to save

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of trā

Infinitive

Derived from root trā (to protect)

Root: trā (class 2)

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired, cherished, beloved

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, longed for, beloved, worshipped

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root iṣ (to wish, desire), 6th class

Root: iṣ (class 6)

मत्वा (matvā) - having considered, having thought

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root man (to think), 4th class

Root: man (class 4)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, livelihood, living

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Derived from root jīv (to live), 1st class

Root: jīv (class 1)