महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-14, verse-4

सूत उवाच ।
आयुष्यमिदमाख्यानमास्तीकं कथयामि ते ।
यथा श्रुतं कथयतः सकाशाद्वै पितुर्मया ॥४॥

4. sūta uvāca ,
āyuṣyamidamākhyānamāstīkaṁ kathayāmi te ,
yathā śrutaṁ kathayataḥ sakāśādvai piturmayā.

4. sūta uvāca āyuṣyam idam ākhyānam āstīkam kathayāmi
te yathā śrutam kathayataḥ sakāśāt vai pituḥ mayā

4. Suta said: I will narrate this life-prolonging story of Astika to you, just as it was heard by me from my father (while he was) narrating (it).

Words meanings summery:

• सूत (sūta) - Suta (Suta (name/title))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• आयुष्यम् (āyuṣyam) - life-prolonging (life-giving, life-prolonging, beneficial for life)

• इदम् (idam) - this (narrative) (this)

• आख्यानम् (ākhyānam) - narrative (narrative, story)

• आस्तीकम् (āstīkam) - relating to Astika

• कथयामि (kathayāmi) - I will narrate (I narrate, I tell)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, your)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, listened)

• कथयतः (kathayataḥ) - (from the one) narrating (referring to father) (of the one narrating, from the one narrating, while narrating)

• सकाशात् (sakāśāt) - from the presence of, from (from the presence of, from near, from)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely, certainly)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - from my father (of the father, from the father)

• मया (mayā) - by me

Words meanings and morphology

सूत (sūta) - Suta (Suta (name/title))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, herald, a caste (son of Kshatriya father and Brahmana mother)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense form of 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

आयुष्यम् (āyuṣyam) - life-prolonging (life-giving, life-prolonging, beneficial for life)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyuṣya

āyuṣya - conducive to long life, wholesome, life-giving

Derived from 'āyus' (life).

Note: Accusative singular neuter, modifying 'ākhyānam'.

इदम् (idam) - this (narrative) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Accusative singular neuter, modifying 'ākhyānam'.

आख्यानम् (ākhyānam) - narrative (narrative, story)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ākhyāna

ākhyāna - narrative, story, tale, tradition, legend

action noun

Derived from root 'khyā' with prefix 'ā', -ana suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kathayāmi'.

आस्तीकम् (āstīkam) - relating to Astika

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āstīka

āstīka - relating to Astika, descendant of Astika, a follower of Astika

Patronymic adjective from Astika.

Note: Accusative singular neuter, modifying 'ākhyānam'.

कथयामि (kathayāmi) - I will narrate (I narrate, I tell)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kath

Denominative root from 'kathā'.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: First person singular present active.

ते (te) - to you (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

Note: Enclitic dative singular, recipient of narration.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb, introducing a comparison.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, listened)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened to, known by hearing, revealed

past passive participle

Derived from root 'śru' with suffix -ta.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Nominative singular neuter, here implying 'as it was heard'.

कथयतः (kathayataḥ) - (from the one) narrating (referring to father) (of the one narrating, from the one narrating, while narrating)

(nominal form)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kathayat

kathayat - narrating, telling

present active participle

Derived from root 'kath' with suffix -at.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Genitive singular, agreeing with 'pituḥ'. Can also imply 'while narrating'.

सकाशात् (sakāśāt) - from the presence of, from (from the presence of, from near, from)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sakāśa

sakāśa - presence, proximity, vicinity, near

Note: Ablative singular.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely, certainly)

(indeclinable)

पितुः (pituḥ) - from my father (of the father, from the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Genitive singular, with 'sakāśāt'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Agent in passive construction ('śrutam mayā').