महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-14, verse-16

पूर्वार्धकायसंपन्नमितरेणाप्रकाशता ।
स पुत्रो रोषसंपन्नः शशापैनामिति श्रुतिः ॥१६॥

16. pūrvārdhakāyasaṁpannamitareṇāprakāśatā ,
sa putro roṣasaṁpannaḥ śaśāpaināmiti śrutiḥ.

16. pūrvārdhakāyasaṃpannam itareṇa aprakāśatā saḥ
putraḥ roṣasaṃpannaḥ śaśāpa enām iti śrutiḥ

16. He was endowed with only the upper half of his body, while by the other (part) there was non-manifestation. That son, filled with anger, cursed her; such is the tradition.

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वार्धकायसंपन्नम् (pūrvārdhakāyasaṁpannam) - possessing only the upper half of the body (endowed with the upper half of the body)

• इतरेण (itareṇa) - by the rest (of the body) (by the other, by the rest)

• अप्रकाशता (aprakāśatā) - non-manifestation (of the other part) (non-manifestation, non-visibility)

• सः (saḥ) - that (son) (he, that)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son (son, child)

• रोषसंपन्नः (roṣasaṁpannaḥ) - enraged (filled with anger, enraged)

• शशाप (śaśāpa) - cursed

• एनाम् (enām) - her (Vinata) (her, that one (feminine accusative singular))

• इति (iti) - thus, so (introducing the following curse) (thus, in this manner (introduces direct speech or quotation))

• श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - report, tradition (meaning 'so it is heard/told') (hearing, sacred tradition, report)

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वार्धकायसंपन्नम् (pūrvārdhakāyasaṁpannam) - possessing only the upper half of the body (endowed with the upper half of the body)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pūrvārdhakāyasaṃpanna

pūrvārdhakāyasaṁpanna - endowed with the upper half of the body

Compound. pūrva (upper) + ardha (half) + kāya (body) + saṃpanna (endowed with).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pūrva+ardha+kāya+saṃpanna)

• pūrva – former, prior, upper, eastern
  adjective (masculine)
• ardha – half, part
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• kāya – body, mass, collection
  noun (masculine)
• saṃpanna – endowed with, possessed of, accomplished, complete
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From sam + √pad (to go, to fall into) + kta suffix
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Refers to the son.

इतरेण (itareṇa) - by the rest (of the body) (by the other, by the rest)

(pronoun/adjective)

Note: Refers to the 'other' part, i.e., the lower half of the body.

अप्रकाशता (aprakāśatā) - non-manifestation (of the other part) (non-manifestation, non-visibility)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aprakāśatā

aprakāśatā - non-manifestation, obscurity

action noun

Compound: a (negative) + prakāśatā (manifestation). Prakāśatā is from pra + √kāś + tā.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prakāśatā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• prakāśatā – manifestation, visibility, brightness
  noun (feminine)
  From prakāśa + tā (suffix for abstract feminine noun).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: The subject of an implied 'was'.

सः (saḥ) - that (son) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son (son, child)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

रोषसंपन्नः (roṣasaṁpannaḥ) - enraged (filled with anger, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of roṣasaṃpanna

roṣasaṁpanna - filled with anger, enraged

Compound: roṣa (anger) + saṃpanna (endowed with).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (roṣa+saṃpanna)

• roṣa – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  From √ruṣ (to be angry)
  Root: ruṣ (class 4)
• saṃpanna – endowed with, possessed of, accomplished
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From sam + √pad (to go, to fall into) + kta suffix
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Adjective describing the son.

शशाप (śaśāpa) - cursed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śap

Perfect tense (Liṭ)

Reduplicated perfect form of √śap.

Root: śap (class 1)

एनाम् (enām) - her (Vinata) (her, that one (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, he, she, it

Pronoun, often used to refer back to a previously mentioned noun.

Note: Object of śaśāpa.

इति (iti) - thus, so (introducing the following curse) (thus, in this manner (introduces direct speech or quotation))

(indeclinable)

श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - report, tradition (meaning 'so it is heard/told') (hearing, sacred tradition, report)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śruti

śruti - hearing, sacred tradition, revelation, report

action noun

From √śru (to hear) + ktin suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Indicates the source of the information.