योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-39, verse-20

अस्वभावे महद्दुःखं स्वभावे केवलं शमः ।
इति बुद्ध्या विचार्यान्तर्यदिष्टं तद्विधीयताम् ॥ २० ॥

asvabhāve mahadduḥkhaṃ svabhāve kevalaṃ śamaḥ ,
iti buddhyā vicāryāntaryadiṣṭaṃ tadvidhīyatām 20

20. asvabhāve mahat duḥkham svabhāve kevalam śamaḥ
iti buddhyā vicārya antaḥ yat iṣṭam tat vidhīyatām

20. asvabhāve mahat duḥkham svabhāve kevalam śamaḥ
iti buddhyā antaḥ vicārya yat iṣṭam tat vidhīyatām

20. In not following one's intrinsic nature (svabhāva) there is great sorrow, but in one's intrinsic nature (svabhāva) there is only peace. Having reflected upon this internally with understanding (buddhi), whatever is desired, let that be done.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्वभावे (asvabhāve) - in not following one's intrinsic nature (svabhāva) (in not one's own nature, in unnaturalness)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow (sorrow, suffering, misery)

• स्वभावे (svabhāve) - in one's intrinsic nature (svabhāva) (in one's own nature, in the intrinsic nature)

• केवलम् (kevalam) - only (only, merely, exclusively, pure)

• शमः (śamaḥ) - peace (peace, tranquility, quietude, control of mind)

• इति (iti) - this (referring to the preceding statement) (thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech or thought))

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with understanding (buddhi) (by understanding, by intellect, by discernment)

• विचार्य (vicārya) - having reflected (having reflected, having considered, having investigated)

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - internally (internally, within, inside)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever, that)

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired (desired, wished, agreeable, worshipped)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to what is desired) (that, it)

• विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let that be done (let it be done, let it be performed, let it be ordained)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्वभावे (asvabhāve) - in not following one's intrinsic nature (svabhāva) (in not one's own nature, in unnaturalness)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of asvabhāva

asvabhāva - not one's own nature, unnatural, absence of intrinsic nature

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'svabhāva' (intrinsic nature)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+svabhāva)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• svabhāva – one's own nature, inherent disposition, intrinsic nature, essential quality
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhū (to be) + a (kartari) with prefix sva
  Prefix: sva
  Root: bhū (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble, important

Present participle of √mah (to be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow (sorrow, suffering, misery)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, misery, pain, unhappiness

स्वभावे (svabhāve) - in one's intrinsic nature (svabhāva) (in one's own nature, in the intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svabhāva

svabhāva - one's own nature, inherent disposition, intrinsic nature, essential quality

Prefix: sva

Root: bhū (class 1)

केवलम् (kevalam) - only (only, merely, exclusively, pure)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kevala

kevala - only, merely, exclusively, whole, complete, pure, absolute

शमः (śamaḥ) - peace (peace, tranquility, quietude, control of mind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - peace, tranquility, quietude, calm, cessation, control of mind (a form of tapas)

From √śam (to be calm, cease)

Root: śam (class 4)

इति (iti) - this (referring to the preceding statement) (thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech or thought))

(indeclinable)

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with understanding (buddhi) (by understanding, by intellect, by discernment)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, discernment, perception, reason

From √budh (to know, perceive)

Root: budh (class 1)

विचार्य (vicārya) - having reflected (having reflected, having considered, having investigated)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) with prefix

From prefix vi + √car (to move), causative form 'cāraya', then absolutive 'cārya'.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

अन्तः (antaḥ) - internally (internally, within, inside)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often acts as a preposition or adverb.

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, whatever, that, who

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired (desired, wished, agreeable, worshipped)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, wished, agreeable, beloved, worshipped, sacrificed

past passive participle

Past Passive Participle of √iṣ (to wish, desire, seek)

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Functions as a noun here, 'that which is desired'.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to what is desired) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let that be done (let it be done, let it be performed, let it be ordained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of vidhā

passive imperative

From prefix vi + √dhā (to place, arrange); passive form 'dhīyate', imperative 'dhīyatām'.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

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