योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-24, verse-17

मनो मरणमप्राप्तं शून्यं दुःखाय वल्गति ।
शास्त्रसज्जनसंपर्कचन्द्रतारकधारिणी ॥ १७ ॥

mano maraṇamaprāptaṃ śūnyaṃ duḥkhāya valgati ,
śāstrasajjanasaṃparkacandratārakadhāriṇī 17

17. manaḥ maraṇam aprāptam śūnyam duḥkhāya valgati
śāstra-sajjana-saṃparka-candra-tāraka-dhāriṇī

17. manaḥ maraṇam aprāptam śūnyam duḥkhāya valgati
śāstra-sajjana-saṃparka-candra-tāraka-dhāriṇī

17. The mind, not having attained its cessation, remains empty and constantly agitated, plunging into sorrow. It is like a night that bears only the faint moon and stars of contact with scriptures and virtuous individuals, failing to dispel its inherent darkness.

Words meanings summery:

• मनः (manaḥ) - the restless, uncontrolled mind (mind, intellect, heart, soul)

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - cessation of mental agitation, ultimate peace, or death of desires/ego (death, dying, cessation)

• अप्राप्तम् (aprāptam) - not having achieved or experienced (not reached, not obtained, not attained)

• शून्यम् (śūnyam) - empty of true knowledge or peace (empty, void, vacant, devoid of)

• दुःखाय (duḥkhāya) - towards suffering, leading to sorrow (for sorrow, for pain, for misery)

• वल्गति (valgati) - is agitated, struggles restlessly (leaps, bounds, jumps, moves rapidly, struggles)

• शास्त्र-सज्जन-संपर्क-चन्द्र-तारक-धारिणी (śāstra-sajjana-saṁparka-candra-tāraka-dhāriṇī) - (an implied night or state of ignorance) which displays the superficial light of contact with scriptures and virtuous people (bearing or holding the moon and stars of contact with scriptures and good people)

Words meanings and morphology

मनः (manaḥ) - the restless, uncontrolled mind (mind, intellect, heart, soul)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, soul, thought, intention

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Sandhi form of `manas`.

मरणम् (maraṇam) - cessation of mental agitation, ultimate peace, or death of desires/ego (death, dying, cessation)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying, cessation

Derived from root `mṛ` (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

अप्राप्तम् (aprāptam) - not having achieved or experienced (not reached, not obtained, not attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aprāpta

aprāpta - not reached, not obtained, not attained, unachieved

Past Passive Participle

Negated (`a-`) form of `prāpta` (reached), derived from `pra-ap` (to obtain).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prāpta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• prāpta – reached, obtained, attained
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `āp` with prefix `pra`.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies `manaḥ`.

शून्यम् (śūnyam) - empty of true knowledge or peace (empty, void, vacant, devoid of)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, vacant, naught, devoid of

Root: śū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `manaḥ`.

दुःखाय (duḥkhāya) - towards suffering, leading to sorrow (for sorrow, for pain, for misery)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, misery, suffering, unhappiness

Note: Indicates purpose or direction.

वल्गति (valgati) - is agitated, struggles restlessly (leaps, bounds, jumps, moves rapidly, struggles)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of valg

Present Active Indicative

Root: valg (class 1)

शास्त्र-सज्जन-संपर्क-चन्द्र-तारक-धारिणी (śāstra-sajjana-saṁparka-candra-tāraka-dhāriṇī) - (an implied night or state of ignorance) which displays the superficial light of contact with scriptures and virtuous people (bearing or holding the moon and stars of contact with scriptures and good people)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śāstra-sajjana-saṃparka-candra-tāraka-dhāriṇī

śāstra-sajjana-saṁparka-candra-tāraka-dhāriṇī - holding or bearing the moon and stars of contact with scriptures and virtuous people

Feminine nominative singular of a compound adjective.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śāstra+sajjana+saṃparka+candra+tāraka+dhāriṇī)

• śāstra – scripture, sacred text, treatise, rule
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās (class 2)
• sajjana – good person, virtuous individual
  noun (masculine)
  From `sat` (good/existent) + `jana` (person).
• saṃparka – contact, association, connection
  noun (masculine)
  From root `pṛc` with prefix `sam`.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pṛc (class 7)
• candra – moon, luminous, shining
  noun (masculine)
• tāraka – star, pupil of the eye
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tṛ (class 1)
• dhāriṇī – bearer, holder, supporter; (fem.) a kind of magical verse
  noun/adjective (feminine)
  Agent Noun (feminine)
  Derived from root `dhṛ` (to bear, hold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies an implied feminine noun, likely referring to the 'night of ignorance' (ajñānayāminī) mentioned in the subsequent verse, or a general state of delusion/māyā.

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