योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-185, verse-20

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
कुन्ददन्त द्विजवर कथ्यतां किं त्वयानघ ।
बुद्धं श्रुतवता ज्ञेयं मदुक्तं मोक्षदं परम् ॥ २० ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
kundadanta dvijavara kathyatāṃ kiṃ tvayānagha ,
buddhaṃ śrutavatā jñeyaṃ maduktaṃ mokṣadaṃ param 20

20. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca kundadanta dvijavara kathyatām kim tvayā
anagha buddham śrutavatā jñeyam mat uktam mokṣadam param

20. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca kundadanta dvijavara anagha mat uktam
param mokṣadam jñeyam śrutavatā tvayā kim buddham kathyatām

20. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: O Kundadanta, best among the twice-born (dvija-vara), O sinless one, tell me: what have you understood, after having heard my discourse, which is supreme, knowable, and grants liberation (mokṣa)?

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The revered sage Vasishtha. (Sri Vasishtha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कुन्ददन्त (kundadanta) - Vocative form addressing the disciple Kundadanta. (O Kundadanta)

• द्विजवर (dvijavara) - Vocative form, addressing Kundadanta as an excellent Brahmin. (O best of the twice-born (dvija))

• कथ्यताम् (kathyatām) - let it be told, tell me

• किम् (kim) - what?

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• अनघ (anagha) - Vocative form, addressing Kundadanta as one free from sin. (O sinless one, O faultless one)

• बुद्धम् (buddham) - understood, comprehended, known

• श्रुतवता (śrutavatā) - Refers to Kundadanta, who has heard Vasiṣṭha's teachings. (by one who has heard, by the hearer)

• ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - Refers to the ultimate truth or reality that is to be known. (to be known, knowable)

• मत् (mat) - Refers to Vasiṣṭha's teachings ('uktam'). (by me, my)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - Refers to the teaching or discourse given by Vasiṣṭha. (spoken, said, discourse)

• मोक्षदम् (mokṣadam) - Describing Vasiṣṭha's teaching as leading to spiritual liberation (mokṣa). (granting liberation (mokṣa), liberation-giving)

• परम् (param) - Describing the quality of Vasiṣṭha's teaching. (supreme, highest, ultimate)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The revered sage Vasishtha. (Sri Vasishtha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - revered Vasishtha

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Perfect tense form of the root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

कुन्ददन्त (kundadanta) - Vocative form addressing the disciple Kundadanta. (O Kundadanta)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kundadanta

kundadanta - Kundadanta (a name, lit. 'jasmine-toothed')

द्विजवर (dvijavara) - Vocative form, addressing Kundadanta as an excellent Brahmin. (O best of the twice-born (dvija))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijavara

dvijavara - best of the twice-born

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+vara)

• dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth)
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, superior
  adjective (masculine)

कथ्यताम् (kathyatām) - let it be told, tell me

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of kath

Passive Imperative

Third person singular passive imperative form of the root 'kath' (to tell).

Root: kath (class 10)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? which? who?

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

अनघ (anagha) - Vocative form, addressing Kundadanta as one free from sin. (O sinless one, O faultless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure

बुद्धम् (buddham) - understood, comprehended, known

(adjective)

neuter, singular of buddha

buddha - understood, awakened, known

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root 'budh' (to know, to awaken).

Root: budh (class 1)

श्रुतवता (śrutavatā) - Refers to Kundadanta, who has heard Vasiṣṭha's teachings. (by one who has heard, by the hearer)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śrutavat

śrutavat - having heard

Perfect Active Participle

Perfect active participle of the root 'śru' (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - Refers to the ultimate truth or reality that is to be known. (to be known, knowable)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of jñeya

jñeya - to be known, knowable, discernible

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Gerundive (or Passive Future Participle) of the root 'jñā' (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

मत् (mat) - Refers to Vasiṣṭha's teachings ('uktam'). (by me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I (first person pronoun)

Note: Used here as a possessive or agent in a compound with 'uktam', meaning 'my spoken words'.

उक्तम् (uktam) - Refers to the teaching or discourse given by Vasiṣṭha. (spoken, said, discourse)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Forms a compound 'maduktam' meaning 'what was spoken by me'.

मोक्षदम् (mokṣadam) - Describing Vasiṣṭha's teaching as leading to spiritual liberation (mokṣa). (granting liberation (mokṣa), liberation-giving)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of mokṣada

mokṣada - granting liberation

Compound type : tatpurusha (mokṣa+da)

• mokṣa – liberation, emancipation, release (mokṣa)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: muc (class 6)
• da – giving, granting, bestowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from the root 'dā' (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

परम् (param) - Describing the quality of Vasiṣṭha's teaching. (supreme, highest, ultimate)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent, beyond