योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-114, verse-23

दृश्यं त्वपरमार्थेन प्रयाति शतशाखताम् ।
जलमूर्मितरङ्गादिकलनार्हं परिस्फुरन् ॥ २३ ॥

dṛśyaṃ tvaparamārthena prayāti śataśākhatām ,
jalamūrmitaraṅgādikalanārhaṃ parisphuran 23

23. dṛśyam tu aparamārthena prayāti śataśākhatām
jalam ūrmi-taraṅga-ādi-kalana-arham parisphuran

23. tu aparamārthena dṛśyam śataśākhatām prayāti.
jalam ūrmi-taraṅga-ādi-kalana-arham parisphuran (asti).

23. But the visible (dṛśyam), when viewed from the perspective of non-ultimate reality (aparamārtha), expands into a hundred branches. It is like water, which glistens and is prone to forming waves, ripples, and other movements.

Words meanings summery:

• दृश्यम् (dṛśyam) - the visible, the perceptible, object of sight

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• अपरमार्थेन (aparamārthena) - by means of unreality, from a non-ultimate perspective

• प्रयाति (prayāti) - goes, proceeds, attains, transforms into

• शतशाखताम् (śataśākhatām) - the state of having a hundred branches, manifoldness, diversity

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• ऊर्मि-तरङ्ग-आदि-कलन-अर्हम् (ūrmi-taraṅga-ādi-kalana-arham) - suitable for agitation by waves, ripples, etc.

• परिस्फुरन् (parisphuran) - shining forth, glistening, trembling, vibrating

Words meanings and morphology

दृश्यम् (dṛśyam) - the visible, the perceptible, object of sight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛśya

dṛśya - visible, perceptible, to be seen

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root dṛś (to see) + suffix yat.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb prayāti.

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Adversative particle.

अपरमार्थेन (aparamārthena) - by means of unreality, from a non-ultimate perspective

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aparamārtha

aparamārtha - non-ultimate reality (aparamārtha), unreality, lower truth

Compound of a (negation) + paramārtha.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paramārtha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• paramārtha – ultimate truth, supreme reality, absolute truth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the means or perspective.

प्रयाति (prayāti) - goes, proceeds, attains, transforms into

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prayā

Present Tense, Active Voice

From pra (prefix) + yā (root, to go). yā is class 2 (parasmaipada).

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

शतशाखताम् (śataśākhatām) - the state of having a hundred branches, manifoldness, diversity

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śataśākhatā

śataśākhatā - state of having a hundred branches, manifoldness

Noun formed from śataśākha (having a hundred branches) + tā (abstract noun suffix).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+śākhā+tā)

• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• śākhā – branch
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śākh
• tā – suffix for abstract feminine noun
  suffix (feminine)
  Abstract noun forming suffix

Note: Object of prayāti.

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

Root: jal (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'is' or described by parisphuran.

ऊर्मि-तरङ्ग-आदि-कलन-अर्हम् (ūrmi-taraṅga-ādi-kalana-arham) - suitable for agitation by waves, ripples, etc.

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ūrmi-taraṅga-ādi-kalana-arha

ūrmi-taraṅga-ādi-kalana-arha - suitable for being agitated by waves, ripples, and so on

Compound adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ūrmi+taraṅga+ādi+kalana+arha)

• ūrmi – wave, billow
  noun (masculine)
• taraṅga – ripple, wave
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tṛ (class 6)
• ādi – beginning, and so on, etc.
  indeclinable
• kalana – shaking, agitation, stirring
  noun (neuter)
  From root kal (to stir, to agitate) + suffix ana.
  Root: kal (class 1)
• arha – deserving, worthy, fit for, suitable
  adjective
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying jalam.

परिस्फुरन् (parisphuran) - shining forth, glistening, trembling, vibrating

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parisphurat

parisphurat - shining forth, glistening, vibrating

Present Active Participle

From pari (prefix) + sphur (root, to throb, vibrate, flash). sphur is class 6 (parasmaipada). The standard neuter nominative singular form is parisphurat. The given form parisphuran is often a sandhi-derived variant or a masculine nominative form; here it modifies a neuter noun jalam.

Prefix: pari

Root: sphur (class 6)

Note: Adjective describing jalam.