योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-5, verse-20

चमत्कुर्वन्ति वस्तूनि यदालोकतया मिथः ।
असज्जातमसद्येन येन सत्सत्त्वमागतम् ॥ २० ॥

camatkurvanti vastūni yadālokatayā mithaḥ ,
asajjātamasadyena yena satsattvamāgatam 20

20. camatkurvanti vastūni yat ālokatayā mithaḥ
asat jātam asat yena yena sat sattvam āgatam

20. yat ālokatayā vastūni mithaḥ camatkurvanti
yena asat jātam asat yena sat sattvam āgatam

20. By the illumination of which (ultimate reality), objects mutually become wonderful. It is by this (ultimate reality) that what is non-existent appears to be born from what is non-existent, and what is truly existent (sat) attains its fundamental reality (sattvam).

Words meanings summery:

• चमत्कुर्वन्ति (camatkurvanti) - they become wonderful (in an astonishing or captivating way) (they cause wonder, they make wonderful, they become wonderful)

• वस्तूनि (vastūni) - material objects, phenomena (objects, things, substances)

• यत् (yat) - that (referring to the ultimate reality/consciousness) (which, what, that)

• आलोकतया (ālokatayā) - by means of its (the ultimate reality's) illuminating presence or consciousness (by means of light, by means of perception, by means of appearance)

• मिथः (mithaḥ) - mutually (among themselves) (mutually, reciprocally, together)

• असत् (asat) - that which is not truly existent (e.g., illusion, māyā) (non-existent, unreal, false)

• जातम् (jātam) - manifested, appeared (from non-existence) (born, produced, manifested, become)

• असत् (asat) - by means of the non-existent (source) (non-existent, unreal, false)

• येन (yena) - by means of which (ultimate reality) (by which, through which)

• येन (yena) - by means of which (ultimate reality) (by which, through which)

• सत् (sat) - that which is truly existent, fundamental reality (sat) (existent, real, good)

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - its fundamental reality or true nature (sattvam) (existence, reality, being, essence)

• आगतम् (āgatam) - attained, reached (its existence) (come, arrived, attained, obtained)

Words meanings and morphology

चमत्कुर्वन्ति (camatkurvanti) - they become wonderful (in an astonishing or captivating way) (they cause wonder, they make wonderful, they become wonderful)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of camatkṛ

Present active indicative

From 'camat' (wonder, astonishment) + root 'kṛ' (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वस्तूनि (vastūni) - material objects, phenomena (objects, things, substances)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vastu

vastu - object, thing, substance, essence, reality

Root: vas

Note: Can also be accusative plural. Context suggests nominative.

यत् (yat) - that (referring to the ultimate reality/consciousness) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

आलोकतया (ālokatayā) - by means of its (the ultimate reality's) illuminating presence or consciousness (by means of light, by means of perception, by means of appearance)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ālokata

ālokata - appearance, perception, light, illumination

Derived from 'āloka' (light, seeing, appearance) with the suffix '-tā' to form an abstract noun, then declined.

Root: lok (class 1)

मिथः (mithaḥ) - mutually (among themselves) (mutually, reciprocally, together)

(indeclinable)

असत् (asat) - that which is not truly existent (e.g., illusion, māyā) (non-existent, unreal, false)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, evil (as noun: non-being)

Present active participle

Negative prefix 'a-' + present participle of root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Functions as a neuter noun 'the non-existent'.

जातम् (jātam) - manifested, appeared (from non-existence) (born, produced, manifested, become)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, created, arisen, happened, become

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jan' (to be born, produce).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'asat'.

असत् (asat) - by means of the non-existent (source) (non-existent, unreal, false)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, evil (as noun: non-being)

Present active participle

Negative prefix 'a-' + present participle of root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used in an instrumental sense, 'by the non-existent'.

येन (yena) - by means of which (ultimate reality) (by which, through which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

येन (yena) - by means of which (ultimate reality) (by which, through which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Repeats for emphasis or to introduce a new clause with the same agent.

सत् (sat) - that which is truly existent, fundamental reality (sat) (existent, real, good)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - existent, real, true, good (as noun: being, reality)

Present active participle

From root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - its fundamental reality or true nature (sattvam) (existence, reality, being, essence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - existence, being, reality, essence, spirit, truth, goodness, the quality of goodness (one of the guṇas)

From 'sat' (existent) + suffix '-tva'.

Root: as

Note: Direct object of 'āgatam'.

आगतम् (āgatam) - attained, reached (its existence) (come, arrived, attained, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, obtained, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā-' (towards, hither).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sat'.