योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-16, verse-4

नित्यमेव मुने शून्यं कदाशावागुरावृतम् ।
न मनो निवृतिं याति मृगो यूथादिव च्युतः ॥ ४ ॥

nityameva mune śūnyaṃ kadāśāvāgurāvṛtam ,
na mano nivṛtiṃ yāti mṛgo yūthādiva cyutaḥ 4

4. nityam eva mune śūnyam kadāśāvāgurāvṛtam na
manaḥ nivṛtim yāti mṛgaḥ yūthāt iva cyutaḥ

4. O sage, the mind, perpetually vacant and ensnared by unwholesome desires, does not find peace, much like a deer separated from its herd.

4. הוֹ מֻנִי (חכם פרוש), פעילות המחשבות נותרה תמיד ריקה, לכודה ברשת של תקוות שווא, ואינה מוצאת מרגוע, בדיוק כמו צבי שנפרד מהעדר שלו.

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, perpetually

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

• मुने (mune) - O sage

• शून्यम् (śūnyam) - empty, vacant, desolate

• कदाशावागुरावृतम् (kadāśāvāgurāvṛtam) - enveloped by the snare of evil desires

• न (na) - not

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind

• निवृतिम् (nivṛtim) - cessation, peace, tranquility

• याति (yāti) - goes, attains

• मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - deer, animal

• यूथात् (yūthāt) - from the herd, from the flock

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• च्युतः (cyutaḥ) - separated, fallen, deviated

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

(indeclinable)

मुने (mune) - O sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, recluse

Root: man (class 4)

शून्यम् (śūnyam) - empty, vacant, desolate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, vacant, null

Note: Predicative adjective for 'manaḥ'.

कदाशावागुरावृतम् (kadāśāvāgurāvṛtam) - enveloped by the snare of evil desires

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kadāśāvāgurāvṛta

kadāśāvāgurāvṛta - covered by the trap of bad desires, ensnared by unwholesome desires

Compound type : tatpurusha (kadāśā+vāgurā+āvṛta)

• kadāśā – evil desire, bad hope
  noun (feminine)
• vāgurā – snare, trap, net
  noun (feminine)
• āvṛta – covered, enveloped, surrounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'manaḥ'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

निवृतिम् (nivṛtim) - cessation, peace, tranquility

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nivṛti

nivṛti - cessation, discontinuation, peace, tranquility

Derived from ni-vṛt (to cease, turn back).

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of 'yāti'.

याति (yāti) - goes, attains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present Active Indicative

Root: yā (class 2)

मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - deer, animal

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, beast

Note: Subject of the simile.

यूथात् (yūthāt) - from the herd, from the flock

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yūtha

yūtha - herd, flock, multitude

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

च्युतः (cyutaḥ) - separated, fallen, deviated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cyuta

cyuta - fallen, deviated, separated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'cyu' (to move, fall).

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mṛgaḥ'.

Previous Verse Next Verse