रामोपाख्यान
rāmopākhyāna
-
chapter-1, verse-5
कथं द्वादश वर्षाणि वने तेषां महात्मनाम् ।
व्यतीयुर्ब्राह्मणश्रेष्ठ शूराणामरिघातिनाम् ॥५॥
व्यतीयुर्ब्राह्मणश्रेष्ठ शूराणामरिघातिनाम् ॥५॥
5. kathaṁ dvādaśa varṣāṇi vane teṣāṁ mahātmanām ,
vyatīyurbrāhmaṇaśreṣṭha śūrāṇāmarighātinām.
vyatīyurbrāhmaṇaśreṣṭha śūrāṇāmarighātinām.
5.
kathaṃ dvādaśa varṣāṇi vane teṣām mahātmanām
vyatīyuḥ brāhmaṇaśreṣṭha śūrāṇām arighātinām
vyatīyuḥ brāhmaṇaśreṣṭha śūrāṇām arighātinām
5.
O best among Brahmins, how did twelve years pass for those great-souled heroes, the destroyers of enemies, while they were in the forest?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what way
- द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve
- वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years (years, rainy seasons)
- वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in the wood)
- तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (Pandavas) (of those)
- महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled (mahātman) ones (Pandavas) (of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones)
- व्यतीयुः (vyatīyuḥ) - (how) did they (the years) pass (they passed, elapsed)
- ब्राह्मणश्रेष्ठ (brāhmaṇaśreṣṭha) - O best among Brahmins (referring to Janamejaya or a specific Brahmin interlocutor) (O best among Brahmins)
- शूराणाम् (śūrāṇām) - of the heroes (Pandavas) (of the heroes, of the brave ones)
- अरिघातिनाम् (arighātinām) - of the destroyers of enemies (Pandavas) (of the destroyers of enemies, of the slayer of foes)
Words meanings and morphology
कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what way
(indeclinable)
द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve
(adjective)
of dvādaśa
dvādaśa - twelve
Compound type : dvandva (dvi+daśan)
- dvi – two
numeral adjective - daśan – ten
numeral adjective
Note: Acts as an adjective, agreeing with varṣāṇi.
वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years (years, rainy seasons)
(noun)
neuter, plural of varṣa
varṣa - year, rainy season, rain
from vṛṣ (to rain)
Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in the wood)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of vana
vana - forest, wood, grove
तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (Pandavas) (of those)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Masculine plural genitive, referring to the Pandavas.
महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled (mahātman) ones (Pandavas) (of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman
mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous (ātman)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)
- mahā – great, large
adjective - ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
noun (masculine)
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Agrees with `teṣām`, referring to the Pandavas.
व्यतीयुः (vyatīyuḥ) - (how) did they (the years) pass (they passed, elapsed)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vyatī
Prefixes: vi+ati
Root: i (class 2)
Note: The subject for this verb is `varṣāṇi` (years).
ब्राह्मणश्रेष्ठ (brāhmaṇaśreṣṭha) - O best among Brahmins (referring to Janamejaya or a specific Brahmin interlocutor) (O best among Brahmins)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇaśreṣṭha
brāhmaṇaśreṣṭha - best among Brahmins
Compound type : tatpurusha (brāhmaṇa+śreṣṭha)
- brāhmaṇa – a Brahmin, one belonging to the Brahmin class
noun (masculine)
from brahman - śreṣṭha – best, excellent, superior
adjective (masculine)
superlative of praśasya
शूराणाम् (śūrāṇām) - of the heroes (Pandavas) (of the heroes, of the brave ones)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of śūra
śūra - hero, brave, valorous
Note: Agrees with `teṣām` and `mahātmanām`.
अरिघातिनाम् (arighātinām) - of the destroyers of enemies (Pandavas) (of the destroyers of enemies, of the slayer of foes)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of arighātin
arighātin - destroyer of enemies
Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (ari+ghātin)
- ari – enemy, foe
noun (masculine) - ghātin – slayer, killer, destroyer
adjective (masculine)
Agent Noun
from root han (to strike/slay) with suffix -in
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Agrees with `teṣām`, `mahātmanām`, and `śūrāṇām`.