रामोपाख्यान
rāmopākhyāna
-
chapter-1, verse-1
जनमेजय उवाच ।
एवं द्यूतजिताः पार्थाः कोपिताश्च दुरात्मभिः ।
धार्तराष्ट्रैः सहामात्यैर्निकृत्या द्विजसत्तम ॥१॥
एवं द्यूतजिताः पार्थाः कोपिताश्च दुरात्मभिः ।
धार्तराष्ट्रैः सहामात्यैर्निकृत्या द्विजसत्तम ॥१॥
1. janamejaya uvāca ,
evaṁ dyūtajitāḥ pārthāḥ kopitāśca durātmabhiḥ ,
dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ sahāmātyairnikṛtyā dvijasattama.
evaṁ dyūtajitāḥ pārthāḥ kopitāśca durātmabhiḥ ,
dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ sahāmātyairnikṛtyā dvijasattama.
1.
janamejaya uvāca evam dyūtajitāḥ pārthāḥ kopitāḥ ca
durātmabhiḥ dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ saha amātyaiḥ nikṛtyā dvijasattama
durātmabhiḥ dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ saha amātyaiḥ nikṛtyā dvijasattama
1.
Janamejaya spoke: "O best among the twice-born (dvijasattama), the Pārthas were thus defeated in gambling and angered by the wicked Dhārtarāṣṭras along with their ministers, who acted with deceit."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- जनमेजय (janamejaya) - King Janamejaya (Janamejaya)
- उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said
- एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so
- द्यूतजिताः (dyūtajitāḥ) - conquered by gambling, defeated in gambling
- पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the Pārthas (i.e., the Pandavas) (the Pārthas, sons of Pṛthā)
- कोपिताः (kopitāḥ) - angered, enraged, made angry
- च (ca) - and, also
- दुरात्मभिः (durātmabhiḥ) - by wicked persons, by evil-minded ones
- धार्तराष्ट्रैः (dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ) - by the Dhārtarāṣṭras (i.e., the Kauravas) (by the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
- सह (saha) - with, along with
- अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by ministers, by companions
- निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit, by trickery, by fraud
- द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (dvijasattama), referring to Vaiśampāyana (O best among the twice-born)
Words meanings and morphology
जनमेजय (janamejaya) - King Janamejaya (Janamejaya)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya
janamejaya - Janamejaya (a king)
उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac
perfect active
Root: vac (class 2)
एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so
(indeclinable)
द्यूतजिताः (dyūtajitāḥ) - conquered by gambling, defeated in gambling
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dyūtajita
dyūtajita - conquered by gambling
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dyūta+jita)
- dyūta – gambling, game of dice
noun (neuter)
Root: div (class 4) - jita – conquered, vanquished, overcome
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root ji (to conquer)
Root: ji (class 1)
पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the Pārthas (i.e., the Pandavas) (the Pārthas, sons of Pṛthā)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha
pārtha - son of Pṛthā; a name for the Pandavas
कोपिताः (kopitāḥ) - angered, enraged, made angry
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kopita
kopita - angered, enraged, provoked
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root kup (to be angry), often with causative sense
Root: kup (class 4)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
दुरात्मभिः (durātmabhiḥ) - by wicked persons, by evil-minded ones
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of durātman
durātman - wicked person, evil-minded, vile
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+ātman)
- dur – bad, difficult, ill
indeclinable
Prefix/Upasarga - ātman – soul, self, spirit, person, essence
noun (masculine)
Root: an (class 2)
धार्तराष्ट्रैः (dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ) - by the Dhārtarāṣṭras (i.e., the Kauravas) (by the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra
dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; a name for the Kauravas
सह (saha) - with, along with
(indeclinable)
अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by ministers, by companions
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of amātya
amātya - minister, companion, colleague
निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit, by trickery, by fraud
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of nikṛti
nikṛti - deceit, fraud, trickery, dishonesty
Prefix: ni
Root: kṛ (class 8)
द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (dvijasattama), referring to Vaiśampāyana (O best among the twice-born)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama
dvijasattama - best among the twice-born (dvijasattama)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)
- dvija – twice-born, Brahmin, bird, snake
noun (masculine)
Derived from 'dvi' (two) + 'ja' (born)
Root: jan (class 4) - sattama – best, most excellent
adjective (masculine)
Superlative suffix -tama