रामोपाख्यान
rāmopākhyāna
-
chapter-1, verse-4
के चैनानन्ववर्तन्त प्राप्तान्व्यसनमुत्तमम् ।
किमाहाराः किमाचाराः क्व च वासो महात्मनाम् ॥४॥
किमाहाराः किमाचाराः क्व च वासो महात्मनाम् ॥४॥
4. ke cainānanvavartanta prāptānvyasanamuttamam ,
kimāhārāḥ kimācārāḥ kva ca vāso mahātmanām.
kimāhārāḥ kimācārāḥ kva ca vāso mahātmanām.
4.
ke ca enān anvavartanta prāptān vyasanam uttamam
kimāhārāḥ kimācārāḥ kva ca vāsaḥ mahātmanām
kimāhārāḥ kimācārāḥ kva ca vāsaḥ mahātmanām
4.
And who followed them, who had attained great calamity? What was their food, what were their practices, and where was the dwelling of those great-souled (mahātman) ones?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- के (ke) - who?, which ones?
- च (ca) - and, also
- एनान् (enān) - them (the Pārthas) (them, these ones)
- अन्ववर्तन्त (anvavartanta) - they followed, they conformed
- प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - having attained, having reached
- व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, distress
- उत्तमम् (uttamam) - great, severe, supreme
- किमाहाराः (kimāhārāḥ) - what was their food?
- किमाचाराः (kimācārāḥ) - what were their practices/customs?
- क्व (kva) - where?
- च (ca) - and, also
- वासः (vāsaḥ) - dwelling, abode, residence
- महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled (mahātman) Pārthas (of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones)
Words meanings and morphology
के (ke) - who?, which ones?
(interrogative pronoun)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एनान् (enān) - them (the Pārthas) (them, these ones)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of enad
enad - this, that, these, those (anaphoric pronoun)
अन्ववर्तन्त (anvavartanta) - they followed, they conformed
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of anuvṛt
imperfect
Root vṛt (to be, to exist) with prefix anu
Prefix: anu
Root: vṛt (class 1)
प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - having attained, having reached
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of prāpta
prāpta - attained, reached, obtained
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Agrees with 'enān'
व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, distress
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vyasana
vyasana - calamity, misfortune, distress, addiction
उत्तमम् (uttamam) - great, severe, supreme
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama
uttama - best, excellent, supreme, highest
Prefix: ud
Root: tam
Note: Agrees with 'vyasanam'
किमाहाराः (kimāhārāḥ) - what was their food?
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kimāhāra
kimāhāra - whose food is what, what food do they have
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kim+āhāra)
- kim – what, which
interrogative pronoun - āhāra – food, diet, nourishment
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
किमाचाराः (kimācārāḥ) - what were their practices/customs?
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kimācāra
kimācāra - whose practices are what, what were their customs
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kim+ācāra)
- kim – what, which
interrogative pronoun - ācāra – conduct, custom, practice, behavior
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1)
क्व (kva) - where?
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
वासः (vāsaḥ) - dwelling, abode, residence
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsa
vāsa - dwelling, abode, residence, garment
Root: vas (class 1)
महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled (mahātman) Pārthas (of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman
mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, great self (ātman)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective (feminine) - ātman – soul, self, spirit, person, essence
noun (masculine)
Root: an (class 2)