वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-97, verse-4

तच्छ्रुत्वा राघवेणोक्तं सर्वाः प्रकृतयो भृशम् ।
मूर्धभिः प्रणता भूमौ गतसत्त्वा इवाभवन् ॥४॥

4. tacchrutvā rāghaveṇoktaṃ sarvāḥ prakṛtayo bhṛśam ,
mūrdhabhiḥ praṇatā bhūmau gatasattvā ivābhavan.

4. tat śrutvā rāghaveṇa uktam sarvāḥ prakṛtayaḥ bhṛśam
mūrdhabhiḥ praṇatāḥ bhūmau gatasattvāḥ iva abhavan

4. rāghaveṇa uktam tat śrutvā sarvāḥ prakṛtayaḥ bhṛśam
mūrdhabhiḥ bhūmau praṇatāḥ gatasattvāḥ iva abhavan

4. Having heard that which was spoken by Rāghava, all the subjects bowed down greatly to the ground with their heads, as if they had become bereft of spirit.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, by that)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (Rāghava's words) (having heard)

• राघवेण (rāghaveṇa) - by Rāghava (Rāma) (by Rāghava, by Rama)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken (words) (spoken, said)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (the subjects) (all)

• प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - subjects, citizens (natures, origins, subjects, citizens, ministers)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly (bowed down) (exceedingly, greatly, much)

• मूर्धभिः (mūrdhabhiḥ) - with (their) heads (on the ground) (with heads)

• प्रणताः (praṇatāḥ) - bowed down (to Rāma) (bowed down, saluted)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• गतसत्त्वाः (gatasattvāḥ) - bereft of spirit (whose spirit is gone, lifeless, disheartened)

• इव (iva) - as if (as, like, as if)

• अभवन् (abhavan) - became

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, by that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (Rāghava's words) (having heard)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

राघवेण (rāghaveṇa) - by Rāghava (Rāma) (by Rāghava, by Rama)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken (words) (spoken, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said

Past Passive Participle

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'tat' (that which was spoken).

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (the subjects) (all)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

Note: Agrees with 'prakṛtayaḥ'.

प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - subjects, citizens (natures, origins, subjects, citizens, ministers)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, origin, cause, original substance, subjects, citizens, ministers

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly (bowed down) (exceedingly, greatly, much)

(indeclinable)

मूर्धभिः (mūrdhabhiḥ) - with (their) heads (on the ground) (with heads)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head

Note: plural because referring to many individuals.

प्रणताः (praṇatāḥ) - bowed down (to Rāma) (bowed down, saluted)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of praṇata

praṇata - bowed, bent, humble, saluting

Past Passive Participle

from root nam (to bow) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'prakṛtayaḥ'.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

गतसत्त्वाः (gatasattvāḥ) - bereft of spirit (whose spirit is gone, lifeless, disheartened)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gatasattva

gatasattva - whose spirit is gone, lifeless

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gata+sattva)

• gata – gone, departed, lost
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• sattva – essence, spirit, being, courage, vitality
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'prakṛtayaḥ'.

इव (iva) - as if (as, like, as if)

(indeclinable)

अभवन् (abhavan) - became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Plural agrees with 'prakṛtayaḥ'.

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