वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-97, verse-19

दश चाश्वसहस्राणि एकैकस्य धनं ददौ ।
बहुरत्नौ बहुधनौ हृष्टपुष्टजनावृतौ ॥१९॥

19. daśa cāśvasahasrāṇi ekaikasya dhanaṃ dadau ,
bahuratnau bahudhanau hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanāvṛtau.

19. daśa ca aśvasahasrāṇi ekaikasya dhanam dadau
bahuratnau bahudhanau hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanāvṛtau

19. ekaikasya daśa ca aśvasahasrāṇi dhanam dadau
bahuratnau bahudhanau hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanāvṛtau

19. He also gave ten thousand horses to each, ensuring that both (Kusha and Lava) would be rich in many jewels and abundant wealth, and surrounded by joyful, well-nourished people.

Words meanings summery:

• दश (daśa) - ten

• च (ca) - also (and)

• अश्वसहस्राणि (aśvasahasrāṇi) - ten thousand horses (thousands of horses)

• एकैकस्य (ekaikasya) - to each one (of them) (to each one, of each one)

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, riches)

• ददौ (dadau) - he gave

• बहुरत्नौ (bahuratnau) - rich in many jewels

• बहुधनौ (bahudhanau) - abundant in wealth (rich in much wealth, very wealthy)

• हृष्टपुष्टजनावृतौ (hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanāvṛtau) - surrounded by joyful and prosperous people (surrounded by happy and well-nourished people)

Words meanings and morphology

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Acts as an adjective for aśvasahasrāṇi.

च (ca) - also (and)

(indeclinable)

अश्वसहस्राणि (aśvasahasrāṇi) - ten thousand horses (thousands of horses)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of aśvasahasra

aśvasahasra - thousand horses

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+sahasra)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Combined with daśa, it means 'ten thousands of horses' or 'ten thousand horses'.

एकैकस्य (ekaikasya) - to each one (of them) (to each one, of each one)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ekaika

ekaika - each one, one by one

Repetition of eka for distributive sense.

Note: Genitive of recipient or possessive.

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, riches)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of dadau.

ददौ (dadau) - he gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dā

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

from root dā (3rd class), perfect tense, parasmaipada

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject is Rama (implied).

बहुरत्नौ (bahuratnau) - rich in many jewels

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bahuratna

bahuratna - rich in many jewels

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+ratna)

• bahu – much, many
  adjective
• ratna – jewel, gem
  noun (neuter)

Note: Can be nominative dual masculine or accusative dual masculine. Here it functions as a predicate adjective describing Kusha and Lava.

बहुधनौ (bahudhanau) - abundant in wealth (rich in much wealth, very wealthy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bahudhāna

bahudhāna - rich in much wealth, very wealthy

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+dhana)

• bahu – much, many
  adjective
• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with bahuratnau.

हृष्टपुष्टजनावृतौ (hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanāvṛtau) - surrounded by joyful and prosperous people (surrounded by happy and well-nourished people)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanāvṛta

hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanāvṛta - surrounded by happy and well-nourished people

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛṣṭa+puṣṭa+jana+āvṛta)

• hṛṣṭa – rejoiced, joyful, happy
  past passive participle
  Past Passive Participle
  from root hṛṣ (4th class)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• puṣṭa – nourished, thriving, healthy
  past passive participle
  Past Passive Participle
  from root puṣ (4th class)
  Root: puṣ (class 4)
• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)
• āvṛta – covered, surrounded, encompassed
  past passive participle
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vṛ (5th/9th class) with upasarga ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with bahuratnau and bahudhanau.