वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-55, verse-18

अप्रविष्टं च भवनं युद्धाय पुरुषर्षभ ।
आह्वयेथा महाबाहो ततो हन्तासि राक्षसं ॥१८॥

18. apraviṣṭaṃ ca bhavanaṃ yuddhāya puruṣarṣabha ,
āhvayethā mahābāho tato hantāsi rākṣasaṃ.

18. apraviṣṭam ca bhavanam yuddhāya puruṣarṣabha
āhvayethā mahābāho tataḥ hantā asi rākṣasam

18. Ca puruṣarṣabha,
mahābāho,
apraviṣṭam bhavanam (santam tam),
yuddhāya āhvayethā; tataḥ rākṣasam hantā asi.

18. And, O bull among men, O mighty-armed one, you should challenge him for battle before he has entered our dwelling; then you will be the slayer of the (rākṣasa).

Words meanings summery:

• अप्रविष्टम् (apraviṣṭam) - (him) not having entered (not having entered)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भवनम् (bhavanam) - (our) dwelling (dwelling, house, abode)

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle (for battle, for a fight)

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O bull among men (O bull among men, O best of men)

• आह्वयेथा (āhvayethā) - you should challenge (you should challenge, you should call out)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, thereafter)

• हन्ता (hantā) - the slayer (a killer, one who slays)

• असि (asi) - you are

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - the (rākṣasa) (the (rākṣasa), the demon)

Words meanings and morphology

अप्रविष्टम् (apraviṣṭam) - (him) not having entered (not having entered)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apraviṣṭa

apraviṣṭa - not entered, unentered

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Compound of a (not) + praviṣṭa (entered)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+praviṣṭa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• praviṣṭa – entered, having entered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from pra-√viś (to enter)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with the implied object (tam, the rākṣasa).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this verse to the previous command.

भवनम् (bhavanam) - (our) dwelling (dwelling, house, abode)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhavana

bhavana - dwelling, house, abode

Note: Object of 'apraviṣṭam'.

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle (for battle, for a fight)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, combat

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Dative of purpose.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O bull among men (O bull among men, O best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, best of men

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for the person being addressed.

आह्वयेथा (āhvayethā) - you should challenge (you should challenge, you should call out)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of āhvā

Derived from ā-√hvā

Prefix: ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

Note: Expresses a command/suggestion for the addressee.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed

Compound

Compound of mahat (great) + bāhu (arm)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bāhu)

• mahat – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for the addressee.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the consequence.

हन्ता (hantā) - the slayer (a killer, one who slays)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hantṛ

hantṛ - killer, slayer

agent noun

Derived from √han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative with 'asi' (you are).

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - the (rākṣasa) (the (rākṣasa), the demon)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - (rākṣasa), demon

Note: Object of 'hantṛ'.