वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-55, verse-16

यदा तु युद्धमाकाङ्क्षन् कश्चिदेनं समाह्वयेत् ।
तदा शूलं गृहीत्वा तद्भस्म रक्षः करोति तम् ॥१६॥

16. yadā tu yuddhamākāṅkṣan kaścidenaṃ samāhvayet ,
tadā śūlaṃ gṛhītvā tadbhasma rakṣaḥ karoti tam.

16. yadā tu yuddham ākaṅkṣan kaścid enam samāhvayet
tadā śūlam gṛhītvā tat bhasma rakṣaḥ karoti tam

16. Tu yadā kaścid yuddham ākaṅkṣan enam samāhvayet,
tadā rakṣaḥ śūlam gṛhītvā,
tam tat bhasma karoti.

16. But when someone, desiring battle, should challenge him, then, taking up a spear, that (rākṣasa) turns him into ash.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, whenever)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, fight, combat)

• आकङ्क्षन् (ākaṅkṣan) - desiring (battle) (desiring, wishing for, aspiring to)

• कश्चिद् (kaścid) - someone (someone, anyone)

• एनम् (enam) - him (the rākṣasa) (him, this one)

• समाह्वयेत् (samāhvayet) - should challenge (should challenge, should call out to)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• शूलम् (śūlam) - spear (spear, trident, pike)

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken up (having taken, having grasped, having seized)

• तत् (tat) - him (the challenged person) (that, him)

• भस्म (bhasma) - into ash (ash, ashes)

• रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - the (rākṣasa) (demon, (rākṣasa))

• करोति (karoti) - turns into (makes, does, performs)

• तम् (tam) - him (the challenged person) (him, that)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, whenever)

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, fight, combat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, combat

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'ākaṅkṣan'.

आकङ्क्षन् (ākaṅkṣan) - desiring (battle) (desiring, wishing for, aspiring to)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākaṅkṣat

ākaṅkṣat - desiring, wishing for

Present Active Participle

Derived from ā-√kāṅkṣ (to desire)

Prefix: ā

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'kaścid'.

कश्चिद् (kaścid) - someone (someone, anyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone

Compound of kaḥ + cit

Note: 'kaścid' is the sandhi form of 'kaścit'.

एनम् (enam) - him (the rākṣasa) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, him

Note: Refers to the rākṣasa mentioned in the previous verse.

समाह्वयेत् (samāhvayet) - should challenge (should challenge, should call out to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of samāhvā

Derived from sam-ā-√hvā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

Note: Expresses a condition.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds to 'yadā'.

शूलम् (śūlam) - spear (spear, trident, pike)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śūla

śūla - spear, trident, pike

Note: Object of 'gṛhītvā'.

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken up (having taken, having grasped, having seized)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from √grah (to take, seize)

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) indicates prior action.

तत् (tat) - him (the challenged person) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, him

Note: Refers to the person being challenged, used adverbially here or as a pronoun for the resultant state.

भस्म (bhasma) - into ash (ash, ashes)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhasman

bhasman - ash, ashes

Note: Used with 'karoti' to mean 'makes into ash'.

रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - the (rākṣasa) (demon, (rākṣasa))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, (rākṣasa)

Note: Subject of 'karoti'.

करोति (karoti) - turns into (makes, does, performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with two accusatives (tam, bhasma) to mean 'makes X into Y'.

तम् (tam) - him (the challenged person) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

Note: Direct object of 'karoti'.