वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-14, verse-10

ततो गदाभिः परिघैरसिभिः शक्तितोमरैः ।
वध्यमानो दशग्रीवस्तत् सैन्यं समगाहत ॥१०॥

10. tato gadābhiḥ parighairasibhiḥ śaktitomaraiḥ ,
vadhyamāno daśagrīvastat sainyaṃ samagāhata.

10. tataḥ gadābhiḥ parighaiḥ asibhiḥ śaktitomaraiḥ
vadhyamānaḥ daśagrīvaḥ tat sainyam samagāhata

10. tataḥ daśagrīvaḥ gadābhiḥ parighaiḥ asibhiḥ
śaktitomaraiḥ vadhyamānaḥ tat sainyam samagāhata

10. Thereupon, Daśagrīva, even while being struck by maces, iron clubs, swords, javelins, and lances, plunged into that army.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, indicating a sequence of events (thereupon, then, from that)

• गदाभिः (gadābhiḥ) - by means of maces wielded by the opposing army (by maces, with maces)

• परिघैः (parighaiḥ) - by means of iron clubs/bars wielded by the opposing army (by iron bars, with iron clubs/bars)

• असिभिः (asibhiḥ) - by means of swords wielded by the opposing army (by swords, with swords)

• शक्तितोमरैः (śaktitomaraiḥ) - by means of javelins and lances wielded by the opposing army (by javelins and lances, with javelins and lances)

• वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - being actively struck or assaulted by the enemy (being struck, being killed, being wounded)

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Rāvaṇa, the ten-necked king of Laṅkā (Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa))

• तत् (tat) - referring to the enemy army (that)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - the enemy army (army, host)

• समगाहत (samagāhata) - Daśagrīva plunged into the midst of the enemy army (plunged into, entered)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, indicating a sequence of events (thereupon, then, from that)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) with the suffix -tas

गदाभिः (gadābhiḥ) - by means of maces wielded by the opposing army (by maces, with maces)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of gadā

gadā - mace, club

परिघैः (parighaiḥ) - by means of iron clubs/bars wielded by the opposing army (by iron bars, with iron clubs/bars)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of parigha

parigha - iron bar, club, bolt for a gate

from pari-√han

Prefix: pari

Root: han (class 2)

असिभिः (asibhiḥ) - by means of swords wielded by the opposing army (by swords, with swords)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of asi

asi - sword, scimitar

शक्तितोमरैः (śaktitomaraiḥ) - by means of javelins and lances wielded by the opposing army (by javelins and lances, with javelins and lances)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaktitomara

śaktitomara - javelins and lances (as a collective weapon)

Dvandva compound

Compound type : dvandva (śakti+tomara)

• śakti – spear, javelin, power, energy
  noun (feminine)
  From √śak
  Root: śak (class 5)
• tomara – lance, spear, javelin
  noun (masculine)

वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - being actively struck or assaulted by the enemy (being struck, being killed, being wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being struck, being assaulted

Present Passive Participle

From √vadh (to strike, kill) with suffix -māna

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Participle modifying Daśagrīva

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Rāvaṇa, the ten-necked king of Laṅkā (Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - having ten necks (a name of Rāvaṇa)

Bahuvrīhi compound: daśa (ten) + grīva (neck)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśan+grīvā)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

तत् (tat) - referring to the enemy army (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - the enemy army (army, host)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

Derived from senā (army)

समगाहत (samagāhata) - Daśagrīva plunged into the midst of the enemy army (plunged into, entered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-√gāh

Imperfect

Imperfect middle form from √gāh (to dive, plunge) with upasarga sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: gāh (class 1)

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