वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-69, verse-13

ते द्रुमांश्च महाकाया गिरिशृङ्गाणि चोद्यताः ।
चिक्षिपुर्द्विषतां मध्ये वानरा भीमविक्रमाः ॥१३॥

13. te drumāṃśca mahākāyā giriśṛṅgāṇi codyatāḥ ,
cikṣipurdviṣatāṃ madhye vānarā bhīmavikramāḥ.

13. te drumān ca mahākāyāḥ giriśṛṅgāṇi ca udyatāḥ
cikṣipuḥ dviṣatām madhye vānarāḥ bhīmavikramāḥ

13. vānarāḥ mahākāyāḥ bhīmavikramāḥ te udyatāḥ drumān
ca giriśṛṅgāṇi ca dviṣatām madhye cikṣipuḥ

13. Those huge-bodied monkeys of formidable valor lifted trees and mountain peaks and hurled them into the midst of their enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those, they

• द्रुमान् (drumān) - trees

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाकायाः (mahākāyāḥ) - huge-bodied (monkeys) (huge-bodied, gigantic)

• गिरिशृङ्गाणि (giriśṛṅgāṇi) - mountain peaks, mountain summits

• च (ca) - and, also

• उद्यताः (udyatāḥ) - having lifted/uprooted (referring to the trees/peaks, or monkeys who lifted them) (uplifted, uprooted, raised, prepared)

• चिक्षिपुः (cikṣipuḥ) - they threw, they cast

• द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of enemies, hostile ones

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, among, amidst

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

• भीमविक्रमाः (bhīmavikramāḥ) - of formidable valor (monkeys) (of terrible prowess, formidable valor)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

द्रुमान् (drumān) - trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree, wood

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महाकायाः (mahākāyāḥ) - huge-bodied (monkeys) (huge-bodied, gigantic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahākāya

mahākāya - having a large body, huge-bodied, gigantic

Compound type : bahuvrihi (maha+kaya)

• maha – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• kāya – body, collection, group
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for `vānarāḥ`.

गिरिशृङ्गाणि (giriśṛṅgāṇi) - mountain peaks, mountain summits

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of giriśṛṅga

giriśṛṅga - mountain peak, mountain summit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+śṛṅga)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• śṛṅga – horn, peak, summit
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उद्यताः (udyatāḥ) - having lifted/uprooted (referring to the trees/peaks, or monkeys who lifted them) (uplifted, uprooted, raised, prepared)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udyata

udyata - lifted, raised, prepared, ready, exerted, uprooted

Past Passive Participle

From verb root `yam` (to lift, to raise) with prefix `ud`.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Adjective for `vānarāḥ`.

चिक्षिपुः (cikṣipuḥ) - they threw, they cast

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṣip

perfect tense, active voice

Reduplicated perfect form of root `kṣip`.

Root: kṣip (class 6)

द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of enemies, hostile ones

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dviṣat

dviṣat - enemy, hostile

Present Active Participle

From root `dviṣ` (to hate) in present active participle form, substantivized.

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, among, amidst

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative form used adverbially or as a postposition.

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape (from forest 'vana')

Note: Subject of the sentence.

भीमविक्रमाः (bhīmavikramāḥ) - of formidable valor (monkeys) (of terrible prowess, formidable valor)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīmavikrama

bhīmavikrama - having terrible prowess, formidable in valor

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+vikrama)

• bhīma – terrible, fearful, dreadful
  adjective
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• vikrama – prowess, valor, heroism, powerful stride
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Adjective for `vānarāḥ`.

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