वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-56, verse-8

कथमेवंविधो वीरो देवदानवदर्पहा ।
कालाग्निप्रतिमो ह्यद्य राघवेण रणे हतः ॥८॥

8. kathamevaṃvidho vīro devadānavadarpahā ,
kālāgnipratimo hyadya rāghaveṇa raṇe hataḥ.

8. katham evaṃvidhaḥ vīraḥ deva-dānava-darpa-hā
kālāgni-pratimaḥ hi adya rāghaveṇa raṇe hataḥ

8. katham evaṃvidhaḥ deva-dānava-darpa-hā
kālāgni-pratimaḥ vīraḥ hi adya rāghaveṇa raṇe hataḥ

8. How is it that such a hero, who shattered the pride of gods and demons and was like the fire of universal dissolution (kālāgni), has today been killed in battle by Rāghava (Rāma)?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - Expressing Rāvaṇa's bewilderment or disbelief at Kumbhakarṇa's defeat. (how, in what manner, why)

• एवंविधः (evaṁvidhaḥ) - Describing the exceptional and unparalleled nature of Kumbhakarṇa. (such a one, of this kind)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - Referring to Kumbhakarṇa, emphasizing his heroic qualities. (hero, brave one)

• देव-दानव-दर्प-हा (deva-dānava-darpa-hā) - An epithet for Kumbhakarṇa, highlighting his immense power over even divine and demonic beings. (destroyer of the pride of gods and demons)

• कालाग्नि-प्रतिमः (kālāgni-pratimaḥ) - Comparing Kumbhakarṇa's destructive power to the cosmic fire of universal dissolution (kālāgni). (resembling the fire of time/destruction)

• हि (hi) - Emphasizes the incredible nature of Kumbhakarṇa's death. (indeed, for, because)

• अद्य (adya) - Indicating the recent occurrence of the event. (today, now)

• राघवेण (rāghaveṇa) - The agent of Kumbhakarṇa's killing. (by Rāghava (Rāma))

• रणे (raṇe) - The location where Kumbhakarṇa was killed. (in battle, in war)

• हतः (hataḥ) - The state of Kumbhakarṇa, having been slain. (killed, slain, struck)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - Expressing Rāvaṇa's bewilderment or disbelief at Kumbhakarṇa's defeat. (how, in what manner, why)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

एवंविधः (evaṁvidhaḥ) - Describing the exceptional and unparalleled nature of Kumbhakarṇa. (such a one, of this kind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of evaṃvidha

evaṁvidha - of this kind, such, like this

Compound type : bahuvrihi (evam+vidha)

• evam – thus, so, in this manner
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'vīraḥ'.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - Referring to Kumbhakarṇa, emphasizing his heroic qualities. (hero, brave one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Subject of the sentence.

देव-दानव-दर्प-हा (deva-dānava-darpa-hā) - An epithet for Kumbhakarṇa, highlighting his immense power over even divine and demonic beings. (destroyer of the pride of gods and demons)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva-dānava-darpa-han

deva-dānava-darpa-han - destroyer of the pride of gods and demons

From the root 'han' (to kill/destroy) in a compound, meaning 'destroying'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+dānava+darpa+han)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• dānava – demon, son of Danu
  noun (masculine)
• darpa – pride, arrogance
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dṛp (class 4)
• han – destroyer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'han'.
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vīraḥ'.

कालाग्नि-प्रतिमः (kālāgni-pratimaḥ) - Comparing Kumbhakarṇa's destructive power to the cosmic fire of universal dissolution (kālāgni). (resembling the fire of time/destruction)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kālāgni-pratima

kālāgni-pratima - resembling the fire of destruction, like the destructive fire of universal dissolution

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+agni+pratima)

• kāla – time, death, destructive power
  noun (masculine)
• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)
• pratima – resembling, similar to, like
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'vīraḥ'.

हि (hi) - Emphasizes the incredible nature of Kumbhakarṇa's death. (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for emphasis or causation.

अद्य (adya) - Indicating the recent occurrence of the event. (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

राघवेण (rāghaveṇa) - The agent of Kumbhakarṇa's killing. (by Rāghava (Rāma))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma

Note: Agent in a passive construction ('hataḥ').

रणे (raṇe) - The location where Kumbhakarṇa was killed. (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

हतः (hataḥ) - The state of Kumbhakarṇa, having been slain. (killed, slain, struck)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root 'han'.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vīraḥ' (Kumbhakarṇa).