वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-56, verse-19

इति बहुविधमाकुलान्तरात्मा कृपणमतीव विलप्य कुम्भकर्णम् ।
न्यपतदथ दशाननो भृशार्तस्तमनुजमिन्द्ररिपुं हतं विदित्वा ॥१९॥

19. iti bahuvidhamākulāntarātmā kṛpaṇamatīva vilapya kumbhakarṇam ,
nyapatadatha daśānano bhṛśārtastamanujamindraripuṃ hataṃ viditvā.

19. iti bahuvidham ākula antarātmā
kṛpaṇam atīva vilapya kumbhakarṇam ni
apatat atha daśānanaḥ bhṛśa ārtaḥ
tam anujam indra ripum hatam viditvā

19. iti bahuvidham ākula antarātmā
kṛpaṇam atīva kumbhakarṇam vilapya atha
bhṛśa ārtaḥ daśānanaḥ tam indra
ripum anujam hatam viditvā ni apatat

19. Having thus lamented in many ways, with his inner self agitated and grieving excessively for Kumbhakarṇa, Rāvaṇa, intensely distressed, then fell down, knowing that his younger brother, the enemy of Indra, had been killed.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

• बहुविधम् (bahuvidham) - in many ways, of many kinds

• आकुल (ākula) - agitated, disturbed, confused

• अन्तरात्मा (antarātmā) - inner self, conscience, inner soul

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserably, piteously

• अतीव (atīva) - very much, excessively, extremely

• विलप्य (vilapya) - having lamented, having grieved

• कुम्भकर्णम् (kumbhakarṇam) - Kumbhakarṇa (proper name)

• नि (ni) - down, into, completely

• अपतत् (apatat) - fell down (fell, flew down)

• अथ (atha) - then, next, thereupon

• दशाननः (daśānanaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (the ten-headed one)

• भृश (bhṛśa) - very, intensely

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - afflicted, distressed, tormented

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• अनुजम् (anujam) - his younger brother (Kumbhakarṇa) (younger brother)

• इन्द्र (indra) - Indra (name of a deity)

• रिपुम् (ripum) - enemy

• हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known, having understood

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the preceding lamentation.

बहुविधम् (bahuvidham) - in many ways, of many kinds

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahuvidha

bahuvidha - of many kinds, manifold

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+vidha)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Used adverbially, modifying `vilapya`.

आकुल (ākula) - agitated, disturbed, confused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākula

ākula - agitated, confused, disturbed, full of

Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `antarātmā`.

अन्तरात्मा (antarātmā) - inner self, conscience, inner soul

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of antarātman

antarātman - inner soul, conscience, internal spirit

Compound type : tatpurusha (antar+ātman)

• antar – within, internal
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of the participial phrase 'ākula antarātmā'.

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserably, piteously

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, wretched, pitiable, stingy

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially, modifying `vilapya`.

अतीव (atīva) - very much, excessively, extremely

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies `vilapya`.

विलप्य (vilapya) - having lamented, having grieved

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from vi-lap

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb `nyapatat`.

कुम्भकर्णम् (kumbhakarṇam) - Kumbhakarṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarṇa (Rāvaṇa's brother)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `vilapya`.

नि (ni) - down, into, completely

(indeclinable)

Note: Upasarga for `apatat`.

अपतत् (apatat) - fell down (fell, flew down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect Active Third Person Singular

From root 'pat' with augment 'a' and ending 't'.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence, prefixed by `ni`.

अथ (atha) - then, next, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence of events.

दशाननः (daśānanaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (the ten-headed one)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśānana

daśānana - Rāvaṇa (lit. 'ten-faced')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (daśan+ānana)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of `nyapatat`.

भृश (bhṛśa) - very, intensely

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhṛśa

bhṛśa - vehement, intense, strong, very

Note: Qualifies `ārtaḥ`.

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - afflicted, distressed, tormented

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - afflicted, distressed, suffering

Past Passive Participle

from root ṛ with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `daśānanaḥ`.

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `anujam`.

अनुजम् (anujam) - his younger brother (Kumbhakarṇa) (younger brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuja

anuja - younger brother (lit. 'born after')

from anu-jan

Prefix: anu

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of `viditvā`. Refers to Kumbhakarṇa.

इन्द्र (indra) - Indra (name of a deity)

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of gods)

Note: First part of the compound `indraripu`.

रिपुम् (ripum) - enemy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe

Compound type : tatpurusha (indra+ripu)

• indra – Indra (king of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ripu – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lip (class 6)

Note: Qualifies `anujam`.

हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `anujam`.

विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb `nyapatat`.