वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-15, verse-3

स ददर्श ततः सीतां पूर्णचन्द्रनिभाननाम् ।
शोकभारैरिव न्यस्तां भारैर्नावमिवाम्भसि ॥३॥

3. sa dadarśa tataḥ sītāṃ pūrṇacandranibhānanām ,
śokabhārairiva nyastāṃ bhārairnāvamivāmbhasi.

3. sa dadarśa tataḥ sītām pūrṇacandranibhānanām
śokabhāraiḥ iva nyastām bhāraiḥ nāvam iva ambhasi

3. tataḥ sa pūrṇacandranibhānanām sītām śokabhāraiḥ
iva nyastām ambhasi bhāraiḥ nāvam iva dadarśa

3. Then he (Hanumān) saw Sītā, whose face resembled the full moon, as if cast down by loads of sorrow, just like a boat is submerged by its cargo in the water.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (Hanumān) (he, that)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā

• पूर्णचन्द्रनिभाननाम् (pūrṇacandranibhānanām) - whose face resembles the full moon

• शोकभारैः (śokabhāraiḥ) - by loads of sorrow (by burdens of sorrow, by loads of grief)

• इव (iva) - as if, like, in the manner of

• न्यस्ताम् (nyastām) - cast down (placed, cast down, submerged)

• भारैः (bhāraiḥ) - by its cargo (by burdens, by loads)

• नावम् (nāvam) - a boat

• इव (iva) - as if, like, in the manner of

• अम्भसि (ambhasi) - in water

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Hanumān) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

From the demonstrative pronoun tad, masculine nominative singular

Note: Subject of the verb 'dadarśa'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

perfect

From root dṛś (class 1), perfect, 3rd person singular

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

From tad + tasil (ablative suffix)

सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (name of Rāma's wife)

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.

पूर्णचन्द्रनिभाननाम् (pūrṇacandranibhānanām) - whose face resembles the full moon

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pūrṇacandranibhānana

pūrṇacandranibhānana - whose face resembles the full moon

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pūrṇacandra+nibha+ānana)

• pūrṇacandra – full moon
  noun (masculine)
  Karmadhāraya compound: pūrṇa (full) + candra (moon)
• nibha – resembling, like, similar
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root bhā 'to shine', with prefix ni, used as an adjective
  Root: bhā (class 2)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'Sītām'.

शोकभारैः (śokabhāraiḥ) - by loads of sorrow (by burdens of sorrow, by loads of grief)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śokabhāra

śokabhāra - burden of sorrow, load of grief

Tatpuruṣa compound (śoka-bhāra)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+bhāra)

• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• bhāra – burden, load, weight
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhṛ
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Indicates the cause or means.

इव (iva) - as if, like, in the manner of

(indeclinable)

न्यस्ताम् (nyastām) - cast down (placed, cast down, submerged)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nyasta

nyasta - placed, put down, cast down, submerged

past passive participle

From root as (class 4) with prefix ni, past passive participle (kta), feminine accusative singular

Prefix: ni

Root: as (class 4)

भारैः (bhāraiḥ) - by its cargo (by burdens, by loads)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhāra

bhāra - burden, load, weight

From root bhṛ

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Instrumental of cause, parallel to 'śokabhāraiḥ'.

नावम् (nāvam) - a boat

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship

u-stem noun

Note: Object of comparison, implied object of 'nyastām'.

इव (iva) - as if, like, in the manner of

(indeclinable)

अम्भसि (ambhasi) - in water

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ambhas

ambhas - water

s-stem noun

Note: Locative of place.