वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-59, verse-9

अष्टौ वर्षसहस्राणि तेनास्मिन्नृषिणा विना ।
वसतो मम धर्मज्ञाः स्वर्गते तु निशाकरे ॥९॥

9. aṣṭau varṣasahasrāṇi tenāsminnṛṣiṇā vinā ,
vasato mama dharmajñāḥ svargate tu niśākare.

9. aṣṭau varṣasahasrāṇi tena asmin ṛṣiṇā vinā
vasataḥ mama dharmajñāḥ svargate tu niśākare

9. dharmajñāḥ,
mama asmin tena ṛṣiṇā vinā vasataḥ,
niśākare svargate tu,
aṣṭau varṣasahasrāṇi

9. O knowers of natural law (dharma), eight thousand years have passed since I have been living here without that sage, after Nishakara (the Moon) ascended to heaven.

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

• वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - thousands of years, eight millennia

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, here

• ऋषिणा (ṛṣiṇā) - by the sage

• विना (vinā) - without

• वसतः (vasataḥ) - while I was living (living, dwelling, residing)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• धर्मज्ञाः (dharmajñāḥ) - O knowers of natural law

• स्वर्गते (svargate) - gone to heaven, ascended to heaven

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• निशाकरे (niśākare) - when Nishakara (the moon) (in the moon, when the moon)

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

(numeral)

वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - thousands of years, eight millennia

(noun)

neuter, plural of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, here

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

ऋषिणा (ṛṣiṇā) - by the sage

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer

विना (vinā) - without

(indeclinable)

वसतः (vasataḥ) - while I was living (living, dwelling, residing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vasat

vasat - dwelling, residing

Present Active Participle

Derived from √vas (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

धर्मज्ञाः (dharmajñāḥ) - O knowers of natural law

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knower, knowing
  adjective
  derived from √jñā (to know)
  kṛt suffix -a
  Root: jñā (class 9)

स्वर्गते (svargate) - gone to heaven, ascended to heaven

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of svargata

svargata - gone to heaven

Past Passive Participle

Derived from svarga + √gam (to go)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarga+gata)

• svarga – heaven, celestial abode
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, departed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

निशाकरे (niśākare) - when Nishakara (the moon) (in the moon, when the moon)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niśākara

niśākara - moon (lit. night-maker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+kara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• kara – maker, doer
  noun (masculine)
  derived from √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)