वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-59, verse-1

ततः कृतोदकं स्नातं तं गृध्रं हरियूथपाः ।
उपविष्टा गिरौ दुर्गे परिवार्य समन्ततः ॥१॥

1. tataḥ kṛtodakaṃ snātaṃ taṃ gṛdhraṃ hariyūthapāḥ ,
upaviṣṭā girau durge parivārya samantataḥ.

1. tataḥ kṛtodakam snātam tam gṛdhram hariyūthapāḥ
upaviṣṭāḥ girau durge parivārya samantataḥ

1. tataḥ kṛtodakam snātam hariyūthapāḥ tam gṛdhram
durge girau samantataḥ parivārya upaviṣṭāḥ

1. Thereafter, having performed the water ritual and bathed, the chiefs of the monkeys sat down all around, surrounding that vulture (Sampati) on the rugged mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• कृतोदकम् (kṛtodakam) - having performed a ritual purification with water (by the monkeys for themselves) (having performed a water ritual; one for whom water ritual is performed)

• स्नातम् (snātam) - having bathed (by the monkeys for themselves) (bathed, purified by bathing)

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• गृध्रम् (gṛdhram) - the vulture Sampati (vulture)

• हरियूथपाः (hariyūthapāḥ) - monkey-leaders, chiefs of monkey troops

• उपविष्टाः (upaviṣṭāḥ) - sat down, seated

• गिरौ (girau) - on the mountain

• दुर्गे (durge) - inaccessible, difficult, rugged

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, encircling

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas added to pronoun tad

कृतोदकम् (kṛtodakam) - having performed a ritual purification with water (by the monkeys for themselves) (having performed a water ritual; one for whom water ritual is performed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛtodaka

kṛtodaka - water ritual performed; libation performed

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛta+udaka)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)

स्नातम् (snātam) - having bathed (by the monkeys for themselves) (bathed, purified by bathing)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of snāta

snāta - bathed, purified by bathing

Past Passive Participle

Root: snā (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him, it

गृध्रम् (gṛdhram) - the vulture Sampati (vulture)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture

हरियूथपाः (hariyūthapāḥ) - monkey-leaders, chiefs of monkey troops

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hariyūthapa

hariyūthapa - chief of monkeys, leader of a troop of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+yūthapa)

• hari – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – leader of a herd/troop
  noun (masculine)

उपविष्टाः (upaviṣṭāḥ) - sat down, seated

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upaviṣṭa

upaviṣṭa - seated, sat down

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

गिरौ (girau) - on the mountain

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

दुर्गे (durge) - inaccessible, difficult, rugged

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of durga

durga - difficult to access, rugged, inaccessible, fortress

Note: Modifies 'girau'

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, encircling

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

(indeclinable)

from 'samanta' (all around) + suffix '-tas'