वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-35, verse-9

धनुर्विस्फारमाणस्य यस्य शब्देन लक्ष्मण ।
सशैला कम्पिता भूमिः सहायैस्तस्य किं नु वै ॥९॥

9. dhanurvisphāramāṇasya yasya śabdena lakṣmaṇa ,
saśailā kampitā bhūmiḥ sahāyaistasya kiṃ nu vai.

9. dhanuḥ-visphāramāṇasya yasya śabdena lakṣmaṇa
sa-śailā kampitā bhūmiḥ sahāyaiḥ tasya kim nu vai

9. lakṣmaṇa,
yasya dhanuḥ-visphāramāṇasya śabdena sa-śailā bhūmiḥ kampitā,
tasya sahāyaiḥ kim nu vai

9. O Lakṣmaṇa, by the sound of whose (Rāma's) bow being drawn, the earth (bhūmiḥ) with its mountains trembled; what, then, is the need for assistants for him?

Words meanings summery:

• धनुः-विस्फारमाणस्य (dhanuḥ-visphāramāṇasya) - of him who is stretching his bow (Rāma) (of one who is stretching his bow, of one whose bow is being stretched)

• यस्य (yasya) - of whom (Rāma) (whose, of whom)

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound (by the sound, by the noise)

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakṣmaṇa, Rāma's younger brother (O Lakṣmaṇa)

• स-शैला (sa-śailā) - the earth together with its mountains (with mountains, together with mountains)

• कम्पिता (kampitā) - trembled (trembled, shaken)

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth (earth, ground, land)

• सहायैः (sahāyaiḥ) - by assistants (by helpers, with assistants)

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (Rāma) (his, of him)

• किम् (kim) - what (is the need)? (what?)

• नु (nu) - then (emphasizing the question) (indeed, now, then)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly)

Words meanings and morphology

धनुः-विस्फारमाणस्य (dhanuḥ-visphāramāṇasya) - of him who is stretching his bow (Rāma) (of one who is stretching his bow, of one whose bow is being stretched)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhanurvisphāramāṇa

dhanurvisphāramāṇa - stretching a bow, whose bow is being drawn

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from visphārayati (causative of sphuṛ), used in compound with dhanus (bow)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+visphāramāṇa)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• visphāramāṇa – stretching, drawing (a bow)
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)
  From the causative form of root 'sphuṛ' (to throb, expand) with prefix 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sphuṛ (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'yasya'

यस्य (yasya) - of whom (Rāma) (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yat

yat - who, which, what

Note: Refers to Rāma

शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound (by the sound, by the noise)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

Root: śabd (class 10)

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakṣmaṇa, Rāma's younger brother (O Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rāma's brother)

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

Note: Addressed by Hanumān

स-शैला (sa-śailā) - the earth together with its mountains (with mountains, together with mountains)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saśaila

saśaila - accompanied by mountains, with mountains

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+śaila)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• śaila – mountain, rock
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūmiḥ'

कम्पिता (kampitā) - trembled (trembled, shaken)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kampita

kampita - trembled, shaken, agitated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kamp (to tremble)

Root: kamp (class 1)

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'kampitā'

सहायैः (sahāyaiḥ) - by assistants (by helpers, with assistants)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sahāya

sahāya - helper, assistant, companion

Prefix: sa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used in the rhetorical question

तस्य (tasya) - of him (Rāma) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāma

किम् (kim) - what (is the need)? (what?)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in the rhetorical question

नु (nu) - then (emphasizing the question) (indeed, now, then)

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used with 'nu' for emphasis in questions

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