वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-35, verse-20

यच्च शोकाभिभूतस्य श्रुत्वा रामस्य भाषितम् ।
मया त्वं परुषाण्युक्तस्तच्च त्वं क्षन्तुमर्हसि ॥२०॥

20. yacca śokābhibhūtasya śrutvā rāmasya bhāṣitam ,
mayā tvaṃ paruṣāṇyuktastacca tvaṃ kṣantumarhasi.

20. yat ca śokābhibhūtasya śrutvā rāmasya bhāṣitam mayā
tvam paruṣāṇi uktaḥ tat ca tvam kṣantum arhasi

20. yat ca śokābhibhūtasya rāmasya bhāṣitam śrutvā mayā
tvam paruṣāṇi uktaḥ tat ca tvam kṣantum arhasi

20. And you ought to forgive me for those harsh words spoken to you by me, after I had heard the words of Rāma, who was overwhelmed by sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever

• च (ca) - and

• शोकाभिभूतस्य (śokābhibhūtasya) - of Rāma, who was overwhelmed by sorrow (of one overwhelmed by grief)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - words, speech

• मया (mayā) - by Lakṣmaṇa (by me)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you, Sugrīva (you)

• परुषाणि (paruṣāṇi) - harsh words

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said

• तत् (tat) - that action or statement (that)

• च (ca) - and

• त्वम् (tvam) - you, Sugrīva (you)

• क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive, to bear

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - which, whatever

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever

Neuter singular nominative/accusative of yad

Note: Refers to the 'paruṣāṇi' (harsh words).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शोकाभिभूतस्य (śokābhibhūtasya) - of Rāma, who was overwhelmed by sorrow (of one overwhelmed by grief)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śokābhibhūta

śokābhibhūta - overwhelmed by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+abhibhūta)

• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
• abhibhūta – overwhelmed, conquered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (भू) with upasarga abhi (अभि)
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Rāmasya.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root śru (श्रु) with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Refers to Lakṣmaṇa.

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name)

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - words, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said; speech, words

Past Passive Participle

From root bhāṣ (भाष्) 'to speak', used as a neuter noun.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of śrutvā.

मया (mayā) - by Lakṣmaṇa (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Instrumental singular of asmad

त्वम् (tvam) - you, Sugrīva (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Accusative singular of yuşmad

परुषाणि (paruṣāṇi) - harsh words

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel; harsh words

Note: Object of the implied verb 'spoken'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (वच्) 'to speak'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'tvam' (understood as nominative in a passive construction: 'you were spoken harsh words').

तत् (tat) - that action or statement (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Neuter singular nominative/accusative of tad

Note: Object of kṣantum arhasi.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you, Sugrīva (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Nominative singular of yuşmad

क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive, to bear

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root kṣam (क्षम्) with suffix -tum

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Complements 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)