वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-35, verse-16

धर्मज्ञस्य कृतज्ञस्य संग्रामेष्वनिवर्तिनः ।
उपपन्नं च युक्तं च सुग्रीव तव भाषितम् ॥१६॥

16. dharmajñasya kṛtajñasya saṃgrāmeṣvanivartinaḥ ,
upapannaṃ ca yuktaṃ ca sugrīva tava bhāṣitam.

16. dharmajñasya kṛtajñasya saṃgrāmeṣu anivartinaḥ
upapannam ca yuktam ca sugrīva tava bhāṣitam

16. sugrīva dharmajñasya kṛtajñasya saṃgrāmeṣu
anivartinaḥ tava bhāṣitam upapannam ca yuktam ca

16. O Sugriva, your words are most appropriate and fitting for one who understands the natural law (dharma), is grateful, and never retreats in battles.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मज्ञस्य (dharmajñasya) - of one who knows natural law, of a righteous person

• कृतज्ञस्य (kṛtajñasya) - of one who is grateful, of one who acknowledges good deeds

• संग्रामेषु (saṁgrāmeṣu) - in battles, in conflicts

• अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - of one who does not retreat, unretreating

• उपपन्नम् (upapannam) - suitable, appropriate, proper, endowed with

• च (ca) - and, also

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - fit, proper, right, joined

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - O Sugriva

• तव (tava) - your

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - speech, spoken word, what has been said

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मज्ञस्य (dharmajñasya) - of one who knows natural law, of a righteous person

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - one who knows natural law (dharma), righteous

Compound of dharma (natural law) and jña (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective
  Agent noun
  From root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

कृतज्ञस्य (kṛtajñasya) - of one who is grateful, of one who acknowledges good deeds

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛtajña

kṛtajña - grateful, knowing what has been done

Compound of kṛta (done) and jña (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛta+jña)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective
  Agent noun
  From root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

संग्रामेषु (saṁgrāmeṣu) - in battles, in conflicts

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, fight

Derived from sam (together) + grāma (village, collection), referring to a clash of groups.

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - of one who does not retreat, unretreating

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anivartin

anivartin - not turning back, unretreating, steadfast

Derived from a (not) + nivartin (retreating).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nivartin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• nivartin – turning back, retreating
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni (back).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

उपपन्नम् (upapannam) - suitable, appropriate, proper, endowed with

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upapanna

upapanna - suitable, proper, endowed with, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root pad (to go) with prefix upa (near, towards).

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

युक्तम् (yuktam) - fit, proper, right, joined

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, proper, fit, suitable

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - O Sugriva

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

Genitive singular of yuṣmad (you).

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - speech, spoken word, what has been said

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said, speech, word

Past Passive Participle

From root bhāṣ (to speak), used as a neuter noun.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

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