वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-62, verse-15

तत्त्वतो हि नरश्रेष्ठ बुद्ध्या समनुचिन्तय ।
बुद्ध्या युक्ता महाप्राज्ञा विजानन्ति शुभाशुभे ॥१५॥

15. tattvato hi naraśreṣṭha buddhyā samanucintaya ,
buddhyā yuktā mahāprājñā vijānanti śubhāśubhe.

15. tattvataḥ hi naraśreṣṭha buddhyā samanu-cintaya
buddhyā yuktāḥ mahā-prājñāḥ vijānanti śubha-aśubhe

15. naraśreṣṭha tattvataḥ hi buddhyā samanu-cintaya
buddhyā yuktāḥ mahā-prājñāḥ śubha-aśubhe vijānanti

15. O best of men, truly, reflect deeply with your intellect (buddhi). For the greatly wise, who are endowed with sharp intellect, fully understand both the auspicious and the inauspicious.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly, essentially, in reality

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O Rama, best of men (O best of men, O chief among men)

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence, with intellect

• समनु-चिन्तय (samanu-cintaya) - reflect deeply, consider well, ponder

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence, with intellect

• युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - endowed with, united with, possessed of

• महा-प्राज्ञाः (mahā-prājñāḥ) - the greatly wise, the very intelligent ones

• विजानन्ति (vijānanti) - they know, they understand, they discern

• शुभ-अशुभे (śubha-aśubhe) - good and evil, auspicious and inauspicious

Words meanings and morphology

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly, essentially, in reality

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tat' (that) + 'tva' (suffix for abstract noun). Adverbial suffix -taḥ.

Note: Emphasizes the deep truth to be considered.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, indicating a reason or confirmation.

नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O Rama, best of men (O best of men, O chief among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best among men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree from praśasya (excellent).

Note: Addressed to Rama.

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence, with intellect

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, discernment, reason

Derived from root budh 'to know'.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Instrument of reflection.

समनु-चिन्तय (samanu-cintaya) - reflect deeply, consider well, ponder

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of samanu-cint

Second person singular, imperative mood, active voice, parasmaipada. From root cint (class 10) 'to think' with prefixes sam and anu.

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: A command or exhortation to Rama.

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence, with intellect

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, discernment, reason

Derived from root budh 'to know'.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Instrument of understanding.

युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - endowed with, united with, possessed of

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yukta

yukta - joined, united, endowed, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (class 7) 'to join'.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Modifies `mahā-prājñāḥ`.

महा-प्राज्ञाः (mahā-prājñāḥ) - the greatly wise, the very intelligent ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahā-prājña

mahā-prājña - very wise, highly intelligent

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'prājña' (wise).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from pra-jñā 'to know well'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Describes wise individuals.

विजानन्ति (vijānanti) - they know, they understand, they discern

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vijñā

Third person plural, present tense, active voice, parasmaipada. From root jñā (class 9) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Main verb of the second sentence.

शुभ-अशुभे (śubha-aśubhe) - good and evil, auspicious and inauspicious

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of śubha-aśubha

śubha-aśubha - auspicious and inauspicious, good and bad

Compound type : dvandva (śubha+aśubha)

• śubha – auspicious, good, beautiful
  adjective (neuter)
• aśubha – inauspicious, evil, bad
  adjective (neuter)
  Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of 'śubha'.
  Prefix: a

Note: Refers to the duality of outcomes.