वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-53, verse-6

तां तु शोकवशां दीनामवशां राक्षसाधिपः ।
स बलाद्दर्शयामास गृहं देवगृहोपमम् ॥६॥

6. tāṃ tu śokavaśāṃ dīnāmavaśāṃ rākṣasādhipaḥ ,
sa balāddarśayāmāsa gṛhaṃ devagṛhopamam.

6. tām tu śokavaśām dīnām avaśām rākṣasādhipaḥ
saḥ balāt darśayāmāsa gṛham devagṛhopamam

6. tu saḥ rākṣasādhipaḥ tām śokavaśām dīnām
avaśām balāt devagṛhopamam gṛham darśayāmāsa

6. But the lord of demons (rākṣasādhipaḥ), Rāvaṇa, forcefully showed that miserable, helpless woman, overcome by sorrow, his palace, which was like a divine abode.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her (Sita) (her, that (feminine accusative singular))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet)

• शोकवशाम् (śokavaśām) - overcome by sorrow (under the power of sorrow, overcome by sorrow)

• दीनाम् (dīnām) - that miserable one (miserable, distressed, sad)

• अवशाम् (avaśām) - that helpless one (helpless, powerless, unwilling)

• राक्षसाधिपः (rākṣasādhipaḥ) - the lord of demons (rākṣasādhipaḥ) (lord of demons, king of rākṣasas)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rāvaṇa) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• बलात् (balāt) - forcefully (by force, forcefully, violently)

• दर्शयामास (darśayāmāsa) - he showed (his palace) (he showed)

• गृहम् (gṛham) - his palace (house, palace, abode)

• देवगृहोपमम् (devagṛhopamam) - like a divine abode (resembling a divine abode, like a celestial dwelling)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her (Sita) (her, that (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to Sita

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

Particle

शोकवशाम् (śokavaśām) - overcome by sorrow (under the power of sorrow, overcome by sorrow)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śokavaśa

śokavaśa - under the power of sorrow, subject to sorrow

Compound of śoka (sorrow) and vaśa (power, control)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+vaśa)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, distress
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root śuc (to sorrow, to grieve)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• vaśa – will, power, control, subjection
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vaś (to wish, to control)
  Root: vaś (class 2)

दीनाम् (dīnām) - that miserable one (miserable, distressed, sad)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīna

dīna - miserable, distressed, sad, wretched

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dī (to decay, to be miserable)

Root: dī (class 4)

अवशाम् (avaśām) - that helpless one (helpless, powerless, unwilling)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avaśa

avaśa - helpless, powerless, independent, unwilling

Compound of negative prefix a- and vaśa (power, will)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+vaśa)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vaśa – will, power, control, subjection
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vaś (to wish, to control)
  Root: vaś (class 2)

राक्षसाधिपः (rākṣasādhipaḥ) - the lord of demons (rākṣasādhipaḥ) (lord of demons, king of rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasādhipa

rākṣasādhipa - lord of demons, king of rākṣasas

Compound of rākṣasa (demon) and adhipa (lord, ruler)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+adhipa)

• rākṣasa – demon, evil spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, chief
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi + pā (to protect, to rule)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (Rāvaṇa) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa

बलात् (balāt) - forcefully (by force, forcefully, violently)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bala

bala - force, strength, power

Ablative singular used as an adverb

दर्शयामास (darśayāmāsa) - he showed (his palace) (he showed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Periphrastic Perfect (causative)

Derived from causative stem darśaya- (to show) +āmāsa (perfect ending from as, to be)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Causative verb form

गृहम् (gṛham) - his palace (house, palace, abode)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, dwelling, abode, palace

Root: gṛh

देवगृहोपमम् (devagṛhopamam) - like a divine abode (resembling a divine abode, like a celestial dwelling)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of devagṛhopama

devagṛhopama - resembling a divine abode, like a celestial dwelling

Compound of deva (god), gṛha (house), and upama (like, resemblance)

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+gṛha+upama)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• gṛha – house, dwelling, abode, palace
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gṛh
• upama – simile, resemblance, comparison, like
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root mā (to measure) with upasarga upa-
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

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