वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-5, verse-3

दन्तोलूखलिनश्चैव तथैवोन्मज्जकाः परे ।
मुनयः सलिलाहारा वायुभक्षास्तथापरे ॥३॥

3. dantolūkhalinaścaiva tathaivonmajjakāḥ pare ,
munayaḥ salilāhārā vāyubhakṣāstathāpare.

3. dantolūkhalinaḥ ca eva tathā eva unmajjākāḥ pare
munayaḥ salilāhārāḥ vāyubhakṣāḥ tathā apare

3. tathā eva pare dantolūkhalinaḥ ca unmajjākāḥ.
tathā apare munayaḥ salilāhārāḥ ca vāyubhakṣāḥ.

3. Likewise, there were others (ascetics), those who used their teeth as a mortar, and those who stood submerged (in water). And then there were other sages who subsisted only on water, and others who subsisted on air.

Words meanings summery:

• दन्तोलूखलिनः (dantolūkhalinaḥ) - ascetics who use their teeth to pound grain, as if using a mortar (those who use their teeth as a mortar)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - used for emphasis, indicating 'likewise' (indeed, only, just, even)

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, so, thus

• एव (eva) - used for emphasis, indicating 'likewise' (indeed, only, just, even)

• उन्मज्जाकाः (unmajjākāḥ) - ascetics who practice standing submerged in water (those who stand submerged (in water), those who emerge)

• परे (pare) - other ascetics of these types (others, other people)

• मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics, recluses

• सलिलाहाराः (salilāhārāḥ) - sages who subsist solely on water (those who subsist on water, water-eaters)

• वायुभक्षाः (vāyubhakṣāḥ) - sages who subsist solely on air (those who subsist on air)

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, so, thus

• अपरे (apare) - other sages who practice specific forms of sustenance (others, other people)

Words meanings and morphology

दन्तोलूखलिनः (dantolūkhalinaḥ) - ascetics who use their teeth to pound grain, as if using a mortar (those who use their teeth as a mortar)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dantolūkhalin

dantolūkhalin - one who uses teeth as a mortar

From danta (tooth) + ulūkhala (mortar) + in suffix

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (danta+ulūkhala)

• danta – tooth, tusk
  noun (masculine)
• ulūkhala – mortar
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - used for emphasis, indicating 'likewise' (indeed, only, just, even)

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - likewise, so, thus

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + thā suffix

एव (eva) - used for emphasis, indicating 'likewise' (indeed, only, just, even)

(indeclinable)

उन्मज्जाकाः (unmajjākāḥ) - ascetics who practice standing submerged in water (those who stand submerged (in water), those who emerge)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of unmajjāka

unmajjāka - one who emerges; one who stands submerged in water (as an ascetic practice)

From root majj (to sink) with prefix ud (up)

Prefix: ud

Root: majj (class 6)

परे (pare) - other ascetics of these types (others, other people)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, different, subsequent, supreme

Note: Refers to 'other ascetics' implied by the context.

मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics, recluses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - a sage, an ascetic, a holy man, a silent one

Root: man

Note: Another general term for the ascetics.

सलिलाहाराः (salilāhārāḥ) - sages who subsist solely on water (those who subsist on water, water-eaters)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of salilāhāra

salilāhāra - one who subsists on water (as food)

Formed from salila (water) + āhāra (food, eating)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (salila+āhāra)

• salila – water
  noun (neuter)
• āhāra – food, sustenance, eating
  noun (masculine)
  From root hṛ (to seize, carry) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

वायुभक्षाः (vāyubhakṣāḥ) - sages who subsist solely on air (those who subsist on air)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāyubhakṣa

vāyubhakṣa - one who subsists on air, an aerophagi

From vāyu (air) + bhakṣa (eating)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāyu+bhakṣa)

• vāyu – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• bhakṣa – eating, food; one who eats
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhakṣ (to eat)
  Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

तथा (tathā) - likewise, so, thus

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - other sages who practice specific forms of sustenance (others, other people)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, different, subsequent

Note: Refers to 'other sages' who have these specific practices.