वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-5, verse-11

युञ्जानः स्वानिव प्राणान्प्राणैरिष्टान् सुतानिव ।
नित्ययुक्तः सदा रक्षन् सर्वान् विषयवासिनः ॥११॥

11. yuñjānaḥ svāniva prāṇānprāṇairiṣṭān sutāniva ,
nityayuktaḥ sadā rakṣan sarvān viṣayavāsinaḥ.

11. yuñjānaḥ svān iva prāṇān prāṇaiḥ iṣṭān sutān
iva nityayuktaḥ sadā rakṣan sarvān viṣayavāsinaḥ

11. (saḥ rājā) nityayuktaḥ sadā yuñjānaḥ svān prāṇān iva
prāṇaiḥ iṣṭān sutān iva sarvān viṣayavāsinaḥ rakṣan (bhavet)

11. Constantly diligent, always protecting all the inhabitants of his realm, [the king should act] considering them as his own vital breaths (prāṇa) and as sons who are as beloved as life itself.

Words meanings summery:

• युञ्जानः (yuñjānaḥ) - considering them as (his own life and sons) (applying oneself, connecting, considering)

• स्वान् (svān) - his own

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - vital breaths, lives, life forces

• प्राणैः (prāṇaiḥ) - as if by lives, i.e., as precious as lives (by lives, by vital breaths, like life itself)

• इष्टान् (iṣṭān) - dear, beloved, desired

• सुतान् (sutān) - sons

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• नित्ययुक्तः (nityayuktaḥ) - always engaged, ever diligent, constantly attentive

• सदा (sadā) - always, constantly, ever

• रक्षन् (rakṣan) - protecting, guarding

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

• विषयवासिनः (viṣayavāsinaḥ) - inhabitants of the realm/country

Words meanings and morphology

युञ्जानः (yuñjānaḥ) - considering them as (his own life and sons) (applying oneself, connecting, considering)

(verbal derivative)

स्वान् (svān) - his own

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - self, own, one's own

Note: Modifies 'prāṇān'.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - vital breaths, lives, life forces

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, life force (prāṇa)

from pra-an (to breathe forth)

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of implied 'considering/treating'.

प्राणैः (prāṇaiḥ) - as if by lives, i.e., as precious as lives (by lives, by vital breaths, like life itself)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, life force (prāṇa)

from pra-an (to breathe forth)

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Used to express comparison (like life) with 'iṣṭān'.

इष्टान् (iṣṭān) - dear, beloved, desired

(verbal derivative)

Note: Modifies 'sutān'.

सुतान् (sutān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son, child

From root 'sū' (to beget)

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Object of implied 'considering/treating'.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

नित्ययुक्तः (nityayuktaḥ) - always engaged, ever diligent, constantly attentive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nityayukta

nityayukta - always yoked, constantly applied, ever diligent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nitya+yukta)

• nitya – constant, eternal, always
  adjective
• yukta – yoked, joined, engaged, diligent, attentive
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'yuj' (to yoke, join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the king.

सदा (sadā) - always, constantly, ever

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'rakṣan'.

रक्षन् (rakṣan) - protecting, guarding

(verbal derivative)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Object of 'rakṣan'.

विषयवासिनः (viṣayavāsinaḥ) - inhabitants of the realm/country

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viṣayavāsin

viṣayavāsin - inhabitant of a country/realm

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṣaya+vāsin)

• viṣaya – country, realm, object of sense
  noun (masculine)
• vāsin – dweller, inhabitant (adjective from vas 'to dwell')
  verbal derivative (agent noun) (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root 'vas' (to dwell) with suffix -in
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of 'rakṣan'.