वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-35, verse-17

राज्यं सुखं च संत्यज्य जीवितं चेष्टमात्मनः ।
नात्यासादयितुं तात रामान्तकमिहार्हसि ॥१७॥

17. rājyaṃ sukhaṃ ca saṃtyajya jīvitaṃ ceṣṭamātmanaḥ ,
nātyāsādayituṃ tāta rāmāntakamihārhasi.

17. rājyam sukham ca saṃtyajya jīvitam ca iṣṭam
ātmanaḥ na atyāsādayitum tāta rāmāntakam iha arhasi

17. tāta rājyam sukham ca ātmanaḥ ca iṣṭam jīvitam
saṃtyajya iha rāmāntakam atyāsādayitum na arhasi

17. Dear one (tāta), having abandoned your kingdom, happiness, and your own cherished life, you ought not to approach Rāma, who is death (Rāmāntaka), in this situation.

Words meanings summery:

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - your kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

• सुखम् (sukham) - your happiness (happiness, pleasure, ease, comfort)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• संत्यज्य (saṁtyajya) - having given up (your kingdom, happiness, and life) (having abandoned, having given up, having renounced)

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - your life (life, living)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - cherished, dear (desired, cherished, dear, beloved)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of your own self (of oneself, one's own, of the self (ātman))

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अत्यासादयितुम् (atyāsādayitum) - to approach too closely, to provoke (to approach too closely, to reach, to incur)

• तात (tāta) - dear one (addressing Rāvaṇa) (dear one, father, my child (term of endearment or respect, often by elders))

• रामान्तकम् (rāmāntakam) - Rāma, who brings death (Rāmāntaka) (Rāma who is death, Rāma the destroyer)

• इह (iha) - in this situation, here (here, in this world, in this matter)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (not to do something) (you are able, you ought, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

राज्यम् (rājyam) - your kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

From rājan (king)

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Neuter singular accusative.

सुखम् (sukham) - your happiness (happiness, pleasure, ease, comfort)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease

From su-kha (good axle-hole, hence easy moving)

Note: Neuter singular accusative.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Conjunction.

संत्यज्य (saṁtyajya) - having given up (your kingdom, happiness, and life) (having abandoned, having given up, having renounced)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with prefix sam- from root tyaj with suffix -ya (for verbs with prefixes)

Prefix: sam

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund) from root tyaj with prefix sam-.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - your life (life, living)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, livelihood

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From root jīv (to live) with suffix -ta

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Neuter singular accusative.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Conjunction.

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - cherished, dear (desired, cherished, dear, beloved)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, cherished, dear

Past Passive Participle

From root iṣ (to desire, wish) with suffix -ta

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Past Passive Participle, neuter singular accusative, modifying jīvitam.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of your own self (of oneself, one's own, of the self (ātman))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Masculine singular genitive of ātman.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation

Note: Negative particle.

अत्यासादयितुम् (atyāsādayitum) - to approach too closely, to provoke (to approach too closely, to reach, to incur)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed with suffix -tum from causative of root sad with prefixes ati-ā-

Prefixes: ati+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Infinitive of purpose from root sad with prefixes ati- and ā-.

तात (tāta) - dear one (addressing Rāvaṇa) (dear one, father, my child (term of endearment or respect, often by elders))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear one, father, my child

Vocative use

Note: Vocative singular.

रामान्तकम् (rāmāntakam) - Rāma, who brings death (Rāmāntaka) (Rāma who is death, Rāma the destroyer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāmāntaka

rāmāntaka - Rāma who is death, Rāma the destroyer

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rāma+antaka)

• rāma – Rāma
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• antaka – causing death, destroyer, Death (Yama)
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root ant (to end)
  Root: ant (class 10)

Note: Masculine singular accusative.

इह (iha) - in this situation, here (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place or circumstance

Note: Adverb.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (not to do something) (you are able, you ought, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present active indicative

Root arh, 1st class

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: 2nd person singular present active indicative of root arh (to be able).