वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-32, verse-24

निशम्य रामेण शरैरजिह्मगैर्हताञ्जनस्थानगतान्निशाचरान् ।
खरं च बुद्ध्वा निहतं च दूषणं त्वमद्य कृत्यं प्रतिपत्तुमर्हसि ॥२४॥

24. niśamya rāmeṇa śarairajihmagairhatāñjanasthānagatānniśācarān ,
kharaṃ ca buddhvā nihataṃ ca dūṣaṇaṃ tvamadya kṛtyaṃ pratipattumarhasi.

24. niśamya rāmeṇa śaraiḥ ajihmagaiḥ
hatān janasthānagatān niśācarān kharam
ca buddhvā nihatam ca dūṣaṇam
tvam adya kṛtyam pratipattum arhasi

24. tvam rāmeṇa ajihmagaiḥ śaraiḥ hatān janasthānagatān niśācarān niśamya,
ca kharam ca dūṣaṇam nihatam buddhvā,
adya kṛtyam pratipattum arhasi

24. Having understood that the night-wanderers (Rākṣasas) residing in Janasthāna were killed by Rāma with straight-flying arrows, and having known that Khara and Dūṣaṇa were also slain, you (Rāvaṇa) ought to undertake the necessary action now.

Words meanings summery:

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived, having understood

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - by straight-flying, by not crooked-going

• हतान् (hatān) - killed, struck

• जनस्थानगतान् (janasthānagatān) - Rākṣasas residing in Janasthāna (those who had gone to Janasthāna, residing in Janasthāna)

• निशाचरान् (niśācarān) - night-wanderers, Rākṣasas

• खरम् (kharam) - Khara (a Rākṣasa leader)

• च (ca) - and

• बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having known, having understood

• निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, struck down

• च (ca) - and

• दूषणम् (dūṣaṇam) - Dūṣaṇa (a Rākṣasa leader)

• त्वम् (tvam) - (Rāvaṇa) (you)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - necessary action (duty, action to be done, obligation)

• प्रतिपत्तुम् (pratipattum) - to undertake, to understand, to attain

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root śam with prefix ni, using '-ya' suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name), pleasing, black

Note: Agent of the action of killing.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Instrument of killing.

अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - by straight-flying, by not crooked-going

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ajihmaga

ajihmaga - not crooked, straight-going, direct

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jihmaga)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• jihmaga – crooked-going, indirect
  adjective (masculine)
  From jihma + ga (root gam)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies śaraiḥ.

हतान् (hatān) - killed, struck

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from root han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies niśācarān.

जनस्थानगतान् (janasthānagatān) - Rākṣasas residing in Janasthāna (those who had gone to Janasthāna, residing in Janasthāna)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of janasthānagata

janasthānagata - gone to Janasthāna, residing in Janasthāna

Past Passive Participle

Compound with past passive participle 'gata' from root 'gam'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (janasthāna+gata)

• janasthāna – Janasthāna (a specific region, proper noun)
  proper noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies niśācarān.

निशाचरान् (niśācarān) - night-wanderers, Rākṣasas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, Rākṣasa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, going, wanderer
  noun (masculine)
  From root car
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of niśamya.

खरम् (kharam) - Khara (a Rākṣasa leader)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khara

khara - Khara (proper name of a Rākṣasa), sharp, harsh, donkey

Note: Object of buddhvā.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Khara and Dūṣaṇa.

बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root budh

Root: budh (class 1)

निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, struck down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

ni-hata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from root han with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies dūṣaṇam.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Khara and Dūṣaṇa.

दूषणम् (dūṣaṇam) - Dūṣaṇa (a Rākṣasa leader)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dūṣaṇa

dūṣaṇa - Dūṣaṇa (proper name of a Rākṣasa), defilement, fault

Note: Object of buddhvā.

त्वम् (tvam) - (Rāvaṇa) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Subject of arhasi.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - necessary action (duty, action to be done, obligation)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - to be done, proper to be done, duty, action

Gerundive

from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of pratipattum.

प्रतिपत्तुम् (pratipattum) - to undertake, to understand, to attain

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

from root pad with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Governed by arhasi.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, Present Tense (laṭ) of arh

Present Tense

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Expresses obligation or capability.